Sustainable Alternate Materials for Concrete Production from Renewable Source and Waste

Ramasubramani, R.; Gunasekaran, K.

doi:10.3390/su13031204

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…The manufacturing of M-sand involves crushing, screening, and washing. Quarry dust is the leftover material from the extraction and processing of rocks to make M-sand [47,48]. The mineral admixtures required were purchased from an admixture supplier of South India (Astra Chemicals Pvt.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Various Sustainable Mineral Ashes

et al. 2021

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The aim of this research was to find the best alternative for river sand in concrete. In both geopolymer concrete (GPC) and cement concrete (CC), the fine aggregates are replaced with various sustainable mineral ashes, and mechanical and durability tests are conducted. Specimens for tests were made of M40 grade GPC and CC, with five different soil types as river sand substitute. The materials chosen to replace the river sand are manufactured sand (M-sand), sea sand, copper slag, quarry dust, and limestone sand as 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively by weight. GPF50 and CC50 were kept as control mixes for GPC and CC, respectively. The test results of respective concretes are compared with the control mix results. From compressive strength results, M-sand as a fine aggregate had an increase in strength in every replacement level of GPC and CC. Additionally, copper slag is identified with a significant strength reduction in GPC and CC after 25% replacement. Copper slag, quarry dust, and limestone sand in GPC and CC resulted in considerable loss of strength in all replacement levels except for 25% replacement. The cost of GPC and CC is mixed with the selected fine aggregate replacement materials which arrived. Durability and cost analyses are performed for the advisable mixes and control mixes to have a comparison. Durability tests, namely, water absorption and acid tests and water permeability and thermal tests are conducted and discussed. Durability results also indicate a positive signal to mixes with M-sand. The advisable replacement of river sand with each alternative is discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Various Sustainable Mineral Ashes

et al. 2021

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“…However, lightweight self-compacting concrete with characteristics that meet the requirements of modern construction can be obtained with a walnut-shell content of 35% or more. Comparing the mechanical properties of the composition with organic coarse aggregate, a decrease in strength indicators will inevitably be observed compared to concretes of normal density; however, such a composition acquires properties characteristic of lightweight concretes—lighter weight, and improved soundproof and heat-shielding properties [ 19 , 30 ]. The SC of the walnut shell are much higher than those of the aggregates of light concretes, which makes it possible to use it as a partial replacement for coarse aggregates in concretes of normal density, giving them properties uncharacteristic of such concretes, with minimal losses in strength indicators [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Walnut-Shell Additive on the Structure and Characteristics of Concrete

et al. 2023

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The partial replacement of the mineral components of concrete with natural renewable analogues in full possession of the performance characteristics of the final material, allows not only the concrete-production process to be made more environmentally friendly and inexpensive, but also to solve an important task for the agricultural industry, which is that associated with waste disposal. The scientific novelty of the work is in the obtaining of new concrete compositions by the partial replacement of coarse aggregate with a natural analogue in the form of a walnut shell, which has the maximum ratio of the strength of the composite to its density, as well as in identifying new dependencies of strength and density and their ratio on the amount of replacement of mineral coarse-aggregate walnut shell. The main goal of this article was to analyze the effect of composition factors on characteristics of concrete with partial replacement of large aggregates with walnut shells and to search for the optimal compound that would make it possible to obtain concrete with a minimum decrease in strength characteristics with a maximum decrease in concrete density. Cubes and prism laboratory samples were made from concrete of normal density with the replacement of coarse aggregate by 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%, by volume. The main mechanical properties, such as density, strength (compressive, tensile, tensile strength in bending) of the concrete samples were studied. The investigation used standard methods and scanning electron microscopy. An increase into strength characteristics up to 3.5%, as well as the maximum ratio of strength to density of concrete, was observed at a walnut-shell dosage of 5%. Effective partial replacement of coarse aggregate with walnut shells leads to a reduction in the consumption of crushed stone by up to 10% and a decrease in the mass of concrete by up to 6%.

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“…The use of CS as a partial or complete replacement for large aggregates in concrete will make it possible to utilize large After harvesting the fruit of the coconut palm and separating the fibrous part (coir) from the coconut, the CS is mechanically opened and discarded after the pulp has been removed. Both the burial and incineration of the CS waste are often used; both methods, as mentioned earlier, are harmful to the environment [5,26]. The use of CS as a partial or complete replacement for large aggregates in concrete will make it possible to utilize large volumes of this raw material practically without waste or significant damage to the environment [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These countries, in their economic development, reflect the need for the development of agriculture but at the same time all plant production is characterized by an accompanying problem. This problem is the accumulation of waste of plant origin in the absence or shortage of rational methods for their disposal [ 4 , 5 ]. This is why modern scientists direct applied as well as fundamental research to determine the fundamental nature of and, thereby, substantiate the practical expediency of the applicability of plant waste in other areas of the economy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Structure and Characteristics of Concrete with Coconut Shell as a Substitution of a Part of Coarse Aggregate

et al. 2023

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One of the most promising ways to solve the problem of reducing the rate of depletion of natural non-renewable components of concrete is their complete or partial replacement with renewable plant counterparts that are industrial and agricultural waste. The research significance of this article lies in the determination at the micro- and macro-levels of the principles of the relationship between the composition, the process of structure formation and the formation of properties of concrete based on coconut shells (CSs), as well as the substantiation at the micro- and macro-levels of the effectiveness of such a solution from the point of view of fundamental and applied materials science. The aim of this study was to solve the problem of substantiating the feasibility of concrete consisting of a mineral cement–sand matrix and aggregate in the form of crushed CS, as well as finding a rational combination of components and studying the structure and characteristics of concrete. Test samples were manufactured with a partial substitution of natural coarse aggregate with CS in an amount from 0% to 30% in increments of 5% by volume. The following main characteristics have been studied: density, compressive strength, bending strength and prism strength. The study used regulatory testing and scanning electron microscopy. The density of concrete decreased to 9.1% with increasing the CS content to 30%. The highest values for the strength characteristics and coefficient of construction quality (CCQ) were recorded for concretes containing 5% CS: compressive strength—38.0 MPa, prism strength—28.9 MPa, bending strength—6.1 MPa and CCQ—0.01731 MPa × m3/kg. The increase in compressive strength was 4.1%, prismatic strength—4.0%, bending strength—3.4% and CCQ—6.1% compared with concrete without CS. Increasing the CS content from 10% to 30% inevitably led to a significant drop in the strength characteristics (up to 42%) compared with concrete without CS. Analysis of the microstructure of concrete containing CS instead of part of the natural coarse aggregate revealed that the cement paste penetrates into the pores of the CS, thereby creating good adhesion of this aggregate to the cement–sand matrix.

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Sustainable Alternate Materials for Concrete Production from Renewable Source and Waste

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Various Sustainable Mineral Ashes

Experimental Investigation on Geopolymer Concrete with Various Sustainable Mineral Ashes

Effect of Walnut-Shell Additive on the Structure and Characteristics of Concrete

Alteration of Structure and Characteristics of Concrete with Coconut Shell as a Substitution of a Part of Coarse Aggregate

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