“…2.9 DNA extraction, identi cation, and sequence cloning validation of the selected two hypervariable regions Total genomic DNAs of L. japonicus and L. cardiaca were extracted using the plant genomic DNA kit (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing, China), while that of L. sibiricus was extracted by the CTAB method (Nishii et al, 2023). The DNA purity and ampli cation products were detected by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis stained with ethidium bromide alongside a 100 bp ladder (New England Biolabs, Ipswitch, MA, USA) using the DNA marker as the reference (Takara) (Asad et al, 2023). The DNA concentration was determined by using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer 2000 (Thermo, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) (Butler et al, 2022).…”