Sustratos a base de aserrín crudo con fertilización y la calidad de planta de Pinus cooperi Blanco en vivero

Abstract

Asegurar el éxito de los programas de reforestación requiere el uso de planta de alta calidad. El empleo de sustratos alternativos de amplia disponibilidad y bajo costo (aserrín y corteza compostada) puede ser una opción viable para su producción. En este contexto, se evaluaron cuatro sustratos (aserrín de pino crudo, corteza de pino compostada y turba de musgo), en combinación con dos fertilizantes de liberación controlada (Multicote® y Osmocote Plus®), en el crecimiento y calidad de Pinus cooperi producido en vivero. La siembra se realizó en contenedores de poliestireno de 77 cavidades, con 170 mL por cavidad. Los sustratos fueron: S1) 46 % turba + 54 % corteza; S2) 30 % turba + 20 % corteza + 50 % aserrín; S3) 25 % turba + 25 % corteza + 50 % aserrín; y S4) 20 % turba + 30 % corteza + 50 % aserrín, con Multicote® (18-06-12, N-P-K) y Osmocote Plus® (15-09-12, N-P-K). Se aplicó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 4 × 2. A los nueve meses de edad de las plantas, los mejores resultados para diámetro, biomasa total e índice de calidad de Dickson se obtuvieron con el sustrato S1: 46 % turba + 54 % corteza, con 8 g L-1 de Multicote®. Sin embargo, el sustrato S2: 30 % turba + 20 % corteza + 50 % aserrín en combinación con 8 g L-1 de Multicote® también tuvo valores aceptables; además, redujo 39.8 % los costos de producción, debido al sustrato y al fertilizante.

Alternative Substrates and Fertilization Doses in the Production of Pinus cembroides Zucc. in Nursery

“…In this study, the tallest plants were with the highest fertilizer rate (Table 3). Similar results were reported by González et al [22] in Pinus cooperi Blanco in substrate mixtures with similar proportions to those in this work. Also, Aguilera et al [30] found that sawdust and composted bark can be used as a component of the substrate to produce Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl.…”

“…In recent years, alternative materials have been evaluated as a substrate. These are mainly organic by-products from non-forest industries [18][19][20][21][22]. An alternative to reduce the use of imported substrates is to use local and regionally available materials, which can be less expensive, sustainable, and suitable for high seedling quality production [23].…”

“…In the last few decades, pine bark has been used successfully in Mexico and U.S.A. Due to its physical properties of high porosity and adequate drainage, it is now considered an important component for the production of containerized seedlings [21,27,28]. Similarly, raw pine sawdust has been used successfully as a component in combination with pine bark and peat moss, to produce Pinus seedlings [22]. Sawdust improves moisture retention in a substrate, is inexpensive and widely available.…”

“…Results of recent studies confirm that sawdust, in combination with other materials is a suitable substrate in Pinus montezumae Lamb., Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl., Pinus cooperi Blanco and Pinus engelmannii Carr. [22,[29][30][31].…”

Fertilization and Shading Trials to Promote Pinus nigra Seedlings’ Nursery Growth under the Climate Change Demands

“…Fertilization at the nursery phase is of great importance in producing seedlings of high quality with the potential for favorable field performance [23][24][25], due to good growth, nutrient storage reserves, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses [20]. However, unlike the vast literature on the effect of fertilization on pine seedling nursery growth [26][27][28][29], the effects on seedling above-and below-ground-morphology of P. nigra seedlings are poorly known [29,30].…”