Sweeping–micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the simultaneous analysis of tricyclic antidepressant and β-blocker drugs in wastewater

Aranas, Agnes T.; Guidote, Armando M.; Haddad, Paul R.; Quirino, Joselito P.

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2011.03.032

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…MEKC has been combined with common and/or newly developed online preconcentration methods (e.g. sweeping, large volume sample stacking, micelle to solvent stacking (MSS) and etc) to achieve significantly low LOD for trace analysis of ADs . For instance, Su et al.…”

Section: Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of antidepressant drugs: A review

Keyon

Miskam

Ishak

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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Depression is a common mental disorder that may lead to major mental health problems, and antidepressant drugs have been used as a treatment of choice to mitigate symptoms of major depressive disorders by ameliorating the chemical imbalances of neurotransmitters in brain. Since abusing antidepressant drugs such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressant drugs can cause severe adverse effects, continuous toxicological monitoring of the parent compounds as well as their metabolites using numerous analytical methods appears pertinent. Among them, capillary electrophoresis has been popularly utilized since the method has a lot of advantages viz. using small amounts of sample and solvents, ease of operation, and rapid analysis. This review paper brings a survey of more than 30 papers on capillary electrophoresis of antidepressant drugs published approximately from 1999 until 2018. It focuses on the reported capillary electrophoresis techniques and their applications and challenges for determining antidepressant drugs and their metabolites. It is organized according to the commonly used capillary zone electrophoresis method, followed by non‐aqueous capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography, with details on breakthrough findings. Where available, information is given about the background electrolyte used, detector utilized, and sensitivity obtained.

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Section: Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of antidepressant drugs: A review

Keyon

Miskam

Ishak

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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“…High purity water spiked with target analytes in various concentrations (2,5,10,30,100,150, and 200 μg L −1 ) was subjected to the proposed procedure and used as the calibration curve. The external standard method was used for quantification, and the peak area was used for calculation.…”

Section: Real Sample Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome these limitations, the application of various preconcentration techniques, including on-column preconcentration and off-line sample pretreatment in CE, have been proven to be highly effective. Due to its simple operation and high enrichment efficiency, sweeping has been widely used for pharmaceutical analysis, such as voriconazole 29 in plasma, TCAs and β-blocker drugs in wastewater 30 and steroid hormones in urine 31 samples. Thus far, several on-column preconcen-tration strategies have been developed, such as stacking, 14,15 sweeping, [16][17][18] dynamic pH junction (DpHJ), 19,20 transient isotachophoresis (t-ITP) 21 and some dual 12,[22][23][24][25] or even triple 26,27 on-column preconcentration strategies, which combine the various aforementioned techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow fiber based liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction combined with sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the sensitive determination of second-generation antidepressants in human fluids

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2015

Analyst

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An effective dual preconcentration method involving off-line hollow fiber liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (HF-LLLME) and on-line sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography (sweeping-MEKC) was proposed for the determination of five second-generation antidepressants, including fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine and citalopram. In HF-LLLME, the analytes were extracted from the sample solution into phenetole impregnated in the pores of the hollow fiber and then back-extracted into 10 μL 0.1 mol L(-1) HAc inside the hollow fiber. Then, the acceptor phase was spiked with 2.8 μL isopropanol (IPA) and introduced into CE for sweeping. In the sweeping-MEKC process, five target analytes were separated in less than 15 min with a background electrolyte consisting of 76% (v/v) 50 mmol L(-1) citric acid (pH 2.2) containing 100 mmol L(-1) sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 24% (v/v) IPA. The hydrodynamic injection was performed at 50 mbar for 140 s. Under optimized conditions, the limits of detection were in the range of 0.40-1.55 μg L(-1) with enrichment factors of 1897- to 5952-fold for target analytes, with a dynamic linear range of 0.6/5.0-200 μg L(-1). The developed method demonstrated excellent clean-up ability and high enrichment factors and was successfully applied to the analysis of target analytes in human urine and plasma samples.

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“…Conventional extraction techniques including liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and SPE have been applied for preconcentration and cleanup of biological samples. Comparatively, microextraction techniques including solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) and liquid‐phase microextraction (LPME), involving microliter level solvents for extraction or desorption, are more compatible with CE, which consumes samples in nanoliter level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane supported liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction combined with field-amplified sample injection CE-UV for high-sensitivity analysis of six cardiovascular drugs in human urine sample

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2016

ELECTROPHORESIS

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An effective dual preconcentration method involving off-line membrane supported liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction (MS-LLLME) and on-line field-amplified sample injection (FASI) was proposed for the extraction of six cardiovascular drugs, including mexiletine, xylocaine, propafenone, propranolol, metoprolol, and carvedilol from aqueous solution prior to CE-UV. In MS-LLLME, the analytes were extracted from 9 mL sample solution into toluene, and then back extracted into a drop of acceptor phase of 10 μL 20 mmol/L acetic acid. After that, the acceptor phase was directly introduced into CE for FASI without any modification. In FASI process, water plug was hydrodynamically injected (50 mbar, 3 s) into the capillary prior to sample injection (+6 kV, 18 s). Six target analytes were separated in less than 10 min at 25°C with a BGE consisting of 70 mmol/L Tris-H3 PO4 (pH 2.2) containing 10% v/v methanol. Under the optimized conditions, LODs obtained by the proposed MS-LLLME-FASI-CE-UV method were in the range of 0.02-0.82 μg/L (based on S/N = 3) with enrichment factors of 546- to 7300-fold for the target analytes. The RSDs of the developed method were in the range of 6.7-12.9% (n = 7). Good linearity (R(2) = 0.9928-0.9997) was obtained in concentration range of 0.1-100 μg/L for mexiletine and propranolol, 0.2-100 μg/L for xylocaine and metoprolol, 0.5-100 μg/L for propafenone and 2.0-100 μg/L for carvedilol, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for real-time determination of metoprolol in human urine samples within 26 h after uptake.

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Sweeping–micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the simultaneous analysis of tricyclic antidepressant and β-blocker drugs in wastewater

Cited by 37 publications

References 47 publications

Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of antidepressant drugs: A review

Capillary electrophoresis for the analysis of antidepressant drugs: A review

Hollow fiber based liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction combined with sweeping micellar electrokinetic chromatography for the sensitive determination of second-generation antidepressants in human fluids

Membrane supported liquid-liquid-liquid microextraction combined with field-amplified sample injection CE-UV for high-sensitivity analysis of six cardiovascular drugs in human urine sample

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