Sweet Taste Receptor TAS1R2 Polymorphism (Val191Val) Is Associated with a Higher Carbohydrate Intake and Hypertriglyceridemia among the Population of West Mexico

Abstract

Some high-carbohydrate diets may lead to obesity and multiple metabolic disorders, including hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). This lipid abnormality is considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The sweet taste receptor TAS1R2 polymorphism (Ile191Val) has been reported to be associated with carbohydrate intake. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the TAS1R2 gene polymorphism with carbohydrate intake and HTG among the population of West Mexico. In a cross-sectional study, 441 unrelated subjects were analyzed for TAS1R2 genotypes (Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val) by an allelic discrimination assay. Biochemical tests and a three-day food record were assessed. The Val/Val genotype carriers had a higher intake of total carbohydrates, fiber and servings of cereals and vegetables than the other genotype carriers. The Val/Val genotype conferred a higher risk for HTG than the Ile/Val and Ile/Ile genotypes (OR = 3.26, 95%CI 1.35–7.86, p = 0.006 and OR = 2.61, 95%CI 1.12–6.07, p = 0.02, respectively). Furthermore, the Val/Val genotype was associated with approximately 30% higher triglycerides compared with Ile/Val and Ile/Ile genotypes (β = 44.09, 95%CI 9.94–78.25, p = 0.01 and β = 45.7, 95%CI 10.85–80.54, p = 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, the Val/Val genotype of TAS1R2 was associated with a higher carbohydrate intake and HTG.

Taste buds: cells, signals and synapses

“…A polymorphism in a non-coding region upstream of TAS1R3 was associated with a greater perceived intensity of sweetness that apparently resulted from increased transcription 188 . At least one polymorphism of TAS1R2 was reported to be associated with the increased intake of carbohydrates and elevated blood triglyceride levels in certain populations 189, 190 . Polymorphisms in TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 have also been associated with the risk of dental caries in children 191 .…”

Guide for Current Nutrigenetic, Nutrigenomic, and Nutriepigenetic Approaches for Precision Nutrition Involving the Prevention and Management of Chronic Diseases Associated with Obesity

“…In this sense, several SNPs have been associated with common chronic diseases through interactions with the intakes of macro- and micronutrients, or with the consumption of particular foods and dietary patterns (Table 1). Examples include polymorphisms in genes related to taste perception including the sweet taste receptor ( TAS1R2 ) [16] and cluster of differentiation 36 ( CD36 ) [17], which were associated with dyslipidemia in Mexican subjects consuming high amounts of carbohydrates and fats, respectively. Common variants in genes regulating homocysteine metabolism, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase ( MTHFR ) , and methionine synthase ( MTR ), have been linked to increased risk for breast cancer in individuals with low intakes of folate, vitamin B 6 , and vitamin B 12 [18].…”

Association of Lactase Persistence Genotypes with High Intake of Dairy Saturated Fat and High Prevalence of Lactase Non-Persistence among the Mexican Population

“…Unfortunately, food policies and the current national nutritional guidelines [26], do not consider the population's genetic and food culture history. Thus, in regard to nutritional recommendations, we have recently proposed an intervention strategy for the prevention and management of obesity-related diseases based on a regionalized genome-based diet considering not only the LCT SNPs but other nutrient-interacting genes as well [50,51,52]. However, given the heterogeneous genetic background and food culture of the population, further nutrigenetic and genomic studies in other regions of Mexico are required.…”