Swept-source optical coherence tomography imaging of the retinochoroid and beyond

Vira, Jayesh; Marchese, Alessandro; Singh, Rohan Bir; Agarwal, Aniruddha

doi:10.1080/17434440.2020.1755256

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…9 Also, SS-OCTimaging provides advantages in the speed of acquisition and better penetration, with enhanced resolution and improved sensitivity due to the density of A-scans, compared with conventional spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT) imaging. 10 This study applies these recent technological advances to examine the value of commercially available SS-OCTA in the characterisation of retinal capillary non-perfusion in NPDR and the contribution of macular and widefield imaging to improve characterisation of the different ETDRS stages of NPDR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swept-source OCTA quantification of capillary closure predicts ETDRS severity staging of NPDR

et al. 2020

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PurposeTo test whether a single or composite set of parameters evaluated with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), representing retinal capillary closure, can predict non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) staging according to the gold standard ETDRS grading scheme.Methods105 patients with diabetes, either without retinopathy or with different degrees of retinopathy (NPDR up to ETDRS grade 53), were prospectively evaluated using swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA, PlexElite, Carl Zeiss Meditec) with 15×9 mm and 3×3 mm angiography protocols. Seven-field photographs of the fundus were obtained for ETDRS staging. Eyes from age-matched healthy subjects were also imaged as control.ResultsIn eyes of patients with type 2 diabetes without retinopathy or ETDRS levels 20 and 35, retinal capillary closure was in the macular area, with predominant alterations in the parafoveal retinal circulation (inner ring). Retinal capillary closure in ETDRS stages 43–53 becomes predominant in the retinal midperiphery with vessel density average values of 25.2±7.9 (p=0.001) in ETDRS 43 and 23.5±3.4 (p=0.001) in ETDRS 47–53, when evaluating extended areas of 15×9 protocol. Combination of acquisition protocols 3×3 mm and 15×9 mm, using SS-OCTA, allows discrimination between eyes with mild NPDR (ETDRS 10, 20, 35) and eyes with moderate-to-severe NPDR (ETDRS grades 43–53).ConclusionsRetinal capillary closure, quantified by SS-OCTA, can identify NPDR severity progression. It is located mainly in the perifoveal retinal capillary circulation in the initial stages of NPDR, whereas the retinal midperiphery is predominantly affected in moderate-to-severe NPDR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swept-source OCTA quantification of capillary closure predicts ETDRS severity staging of NPDR

et al. 2020

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“…The rapid revolution of OCT and OCTA has provided a powerful weapon for evaluating the morphological and structural changes in the various layers of the retina (20)(21)(22). Compared to traditional OCT, SS-OCT provides longer and deeper detection ability, ultra-high image acquisition speed, and a more powerful function of eliminating motion artifacts, thereby providing a distinct retinal microstructure (20,(23)(24)(25)(26). OCTA has the advantage of investigating retinal vasculature non-invasively layer-by-layer (Figure 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Diabetic Retinal Microvasculopathy and Neuronal Degeneration Assessed by Swept-Source OCT and OCT Angiography

et al. 2021

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Purpose: To provide clinical evidence of the associations between retinal neuronal degeneration and microvasculopathy in diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods: This case-control study included 76 patients (76 eyes) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and refraction error between −3.0 and +3.0 D. The eyes were assigned into DM (without DR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR) groups. Age-, sex-, and refractive error-matched normal subjects were enrolled as controls. The mean retinal thickness (mRT), the relative mean thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (rmtRNFL, mtRNFL/mRT), ganglion cell layer (rmtGCL), ganglion cell complex (rmtGCC) layer, foveal avascular zone area (FAZa), FAZ perimeter (FAZp), FAZ circularity index (FAZ-CI), and vessel density (VD) in superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were assessed by swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA). Group comparison and Spearman's partial correlation coefficient analysis were applied to evaluate the correlation between these morphological parameters.Results: rmtRNFL, FAZa, and FAZp in SCP and DCP increased with the DR severity (prmtRNFL < 0.001; pFAZa, SCP = 0.001; pFAZa, DCP = 0.005; pFAZp, SCP < 0.001; pFAZp, DCP < 0.001). The rmtGCL, FAZ-CI in SCP and DCP, and VD in DCP decreased with the DR severity (prmtGCL = 0.002, pFAZ−CI, SCP = 0.002; pFAZ−CI, DCP < 0.001, pVD, DCP < 0.001). After controlling age, sex, duration of diabetes, and hypertension, the rmtRNFL, FAZa in SCP and DCP, and FAZp in SCP and DCP were correlated with the severity of DR (p < 0.05), while VD in SCP and DCP, FAZ-CI, and rmtGCL were negatively correlated with the severity of DR (p < 0.05). The rmtGCL was negatively correlated with the FAZa in SCP (r = −0.34, p = 0.002) and DCP (r = −0.23, p = 0.033), and FAZp in SCP (r = −0.37, p = 0.001) and DCP (r = −0.32, p = 0.003), but positively correlated with VD in SCP (r = 0.26, p = 0.016), VD in DCP (r = 0.28, p = 0.012), and FAZ-CI in DCP (r = 0.31, p = 0.006).Conclusions: rmtRNFL, FAZ-CI in SCP and DCP, and FAZp in SCP are strong predictors of the severity of DR. The ganglion cell body loss is highly correlated with increased FAZp and FAZa, decreased FAZ-CI, and reduced VD with the severity of DR.

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“…EDI-OCT and swept-source OCT help in detection of deeper choroidal involvement in various vitreoretinal conditions including TB SLC. 22,44 Using these tools, choroidal infiltration, elevation of the RPE-Bruch's membrane complex, and focal increase in choroidal thickness have been observed along lesions of TB SLC. During the active stage of the disease, imaging of the choriocapillaris is vital in TB SLC, as it probably reflects the site of the primary pathology.…”

Section: Pathological Changes In the Choroidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging in Tubercular Choroiditis: Current Concepts

Agarwal

Invernizzi

Markan

et al. 2020

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

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Purpose: Ocular tuberculosis has protean clinical manifestations. Because of its varied clinical presentation, multimodal imaging is essential to characterize the disease activity, presence of inflammation, determining therapeutic response, and detection of complications. Methods: Narrative reviewResults: In this review, various imaging modalities employed in the management of ocular tuberculosis including fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) have been reviewed. Not only do these imaging tools complement each other in providing a comprehensive assessment of the pathology, they also help in gaining valuable insights regarding the evolution of the disease.Conclusions: Fundus imaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis and management of patients with posterior uveitis due to tuberculosis. Fundus imaging may have a useful role in defining clinical endpoints for ocular tuberculosis in the future.

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Swept-source optical coherence tomography imaging of the retinochoroid and beyond

Cited by 24 publications

References 62 publications

Swept-source OCTA quantification of capillary closure predicts ETDRS severity staging of NPDR

Swept-source OCTA quantification of capillary closure predicts ETDRS severity staging of NPDR

Associations Between Diabetic Retinal Microvasculopathy and Neuronal Degeneration Assessed by Swept-Source OCT and OCT Angiography

Imaging in Tubercular Choroiditis: Current Concepts

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