Swift ion beam irradiation on lithium niobate single crystals

Abstract

Single crystals of lithium niobate were irradiated by 50 MeV Li 3+ ion irradiation at various ion fluences. The irradiated single crystals were subjected to various studies such as X-ray diffractometry, UV-VIS-NIR analysis and refractive index measurements. Atomic force microscopy patterns were recorded to study the surface changes after irradiation. Micro-Raman measurements were also recorded for irradiated specimens and the result of the measurements are discussed in detail.

Optical Waveguides Fabricated by Ion Implantation/Irradiation: A Review Optical Waveguides Fabricated by Ion Implantation/Irradiation: A Review

“…Most of the damage produced in the first layer can be eliminated by means of a low-temperature annealing whereas the damage of the buried layer requires higher annealing temperature (Bentini et al, 2004). Examples of this approach are the fabrication of planar and channel waveguides on LiNbO 3 using low-dose, few-MeV lithium (Raj & Kumar, 2010), carbon (Sugliani et al, 2010), fluorine (Jia et al, 2006) and oxygen Liu et al, 2007Liu et al, , 2008aSong et al, 2008;Tan et al, 2008a;Zhao et al, 2011b) ions.…”