Swimming exercise ameliorates depression-like behavior in chronically stressed rats: Relevant to proinflammatory cytokines and IDO activation

Liu, Weina; Sheng, Hui; Xu, Yue; Liu, Yu; Lu, Jianqiang; Ni, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.12.041

Cited by 125 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The anxiolytic potential of exercise was also shown in rats performing voluntary wheel running [11]. Since rats have an instinctive ability for swimming, and the application of swimming method has advantage over treadmill running, we have preferred swimming exercise by expecting similar anxiolytic effects on the psychological state of the rats [8,18]. The results revealed that swimming performance in rats without ulcer resulted in increased head-dipping behavior on the hole-board, indicative of an anxiolytic-like condition [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In a more recent prospective cohort study, moderate energy expenditure at leisure time was shown to be correlated with reduced likelihood of PUD in adults [7]. When possible mechanisms that are likely to be involved in the advantageous effects of moderate exercise on the development of PUD were studied, exercise-induced reduction of gastric acid secretion was suggested to play an important role in inhibiting ulcerogenesis [8]. Since either onset or exacerbation of PUD occurs frequently following stressful life events [9,10], well-described stressrelieving potential of physical activity [11] was suggested to be involved in its anti-ulcereogenic effect by augmenting one's ability to cope with the psychological stress [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regular swimming before the induction of ulcer ameliorates oxidative gastric damage in rats: The anxiolytic effect of exercise

Özbeyli

Mardinoğlu

Temiz

et al. 2017

MMJ

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Objectives:To investigate the impact of exercise on ulcerogenesis. Materials and Methods:Gastric ulcer was induced in Wistar albino rats that were either kept sedentary or had swimming exercise for 6 weeks. Under anesthesia, ulcer was induced by applying acetic acid on the stomach serosa, while control rats had sham-operation. On 3rd or 10th days of ulcer induction, anxiety levels were measured and rats were decapitated for measuring serum cortisol level, while gastric tissue samples were obtained for histopathologic analysis and for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, luminol-and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) and nitric oxide (NO) levels. Results:In sedentary 3-day-ulcer group, gastric MPO activities were elevated with concomitant reductions in GSH content, while these changes were reversed in 10-day ulcer group. In exercised 3-day-ulcer group, all parameters were significantly reversed. Increased lucigenin-CL was suppressed, while NO levels were elevated by exercise. Histological analysis revealed lower lesion scores in exercised groups. Serum cortisol levels were not different among ulcer groups, but anxiety was suppressed by swimming exercise in 3-day-ulcer group. Gereç ve Yöntem:Wistar albino sıçanlar, sedanter ve egzersiz grupları olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Altı haftalık egzersizin sonunda, anestezi altında mide serozasına asetik-asit uygulanarak ülser oluşturulurken, kontrol gruplarına taklit-cerrahi yapıldı. Ülser uygulanmasının 3. ve 10. günlerinde, anksiyete düzeyleri belirlendi ve sıçanlar dekapite edildi. Serum kortizol seviyeleri ölçüldü; mide dokusu örnekleri malondialdehit (MDA), glutatyon (GSH), miyeloperoksidaz (MPO), nitrik oksit (NO), luminol-lusigenin probları ile kemiluminesans (KL) ölçümleri ve histopatolojik analiz için alındı. Bulgular: Kontrol gruplarına kıyasla sedanter 3 ve 10 günlük ülser gruplarında MPO ve MDA seviyeleri artarken, GSH seviyeleri azaldı. Bu değişiklikler 10 günlük ülser gruplarında kontrol düzeylerine döndü. Egzersiz yapan 3 günlük ülser grubunda tüm parametreler tersine döndü. Ülser ile artmış bulunan lusigenin KL düzeyi egzersiz ile baskılanırken NO düzeyi egzersizle anlamlı olarak artmış bulundu. Histolojik incelemede egzersiz gruplarında lezyon skorları düşük bulundu. Ülser yapılan sedanter ve egzersiz gruplarında kortizol seviyeleri arasında farklılık görülmedi. Ülsere bağlı artan anksiyete, 3 günlük egzersiz yapan ülser gruplarında azalırken 10 günlük ülser grubunda değişmedi.Sonuç: Düzenli yüzme egzersizi, dokuya nötrofil infiltrasyonunu engellemek, NO yapımını uyarmak ve anksiyeteyi azaltmak yoluyla midede oksidatif hasarı hafifletmektedir. Düzenli egzersiz, mide ülserinin gelişmesini yavaşlatan ve iyileşmesini kolaylaştıran bir yaklaşım olarak dikkate alınmalıdır.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regular swimming before the induction of ulcer ameliorates oxidative gastric damage in rats: The anxiolytic effect of exercise

Özbeyli

Mardinoğlu

Temiz

et al. 2017

MMJ

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“…[18][19][20] "Body weight measurement," "sucrose preference test," and "open field test" were selected for assessing behaviors. We used a Student's ttest to analyze the difference in the mean values of behavioral assessment between the control and CS groups.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning-<sup>1</sup>H-NMR Spectroscopy-Based Metabolic Profiling of Hippocampal Tissue in Rats with Depression-Like Symptoms

Akimoto

Oshima

Ohara

et al. 2017

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Depressive disorders cause large socioeconomic effects influencing not only the patients themselves but also their family and broader community as well. To better understand the physiologic factors underlying depression, in this study, we performed metabolomics analysis, an omics technique that comprehensively analyzes small molecule metabolites in biological samples. Specifically, we utilized high-resolution magic-angle spinning-1 H-NMR (HRMAS-1 H-NMR) spectroscopy to comprehensively analyze the changes in metabolites in the hippocampal tissue of rats exposed to chronic stress (CS) via multi-step principal component analysis (multi-step PCA). The rats subjected to CS exhibited obvious depression-like behaviors. High correlations were observed between the first principal component (PC1) score in the score plot obtained using multi-step PCA and measurements from depression-like behavioral testing (body weight, sucrose preference test, and open field test). Alanine, glutamate, glutamine, and aspartate levels in the hippocampal tissue were significantly lower, whereas N-acetylaspartate, myo-inositol, and creatine were significantly higher in the CS group compared to the control (non-CS) group. As alanine, glutamate, and glutamine are known to be involved in energy metabolism, especially in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, chronic exogenous stress may have induced abnormalities in energy metabolism in the brains of the rats. The results suggest that N-acetylaspartate and creatine levels may have increased in order to complement the loss of energy-producing activity resulting from the development of the depression-like disorder. Multi-step PCA therefore allowed an exploration of the degree of depression-like symptoms as represented by changes in intrinsic metabolites.

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“…O exercício físico tem sido testado para aliviar diversos tipos de estresse experimentalmente induzidos, como isolamento social [5,30], ruídos [35], imobilização, frio [31], privação de alimentos e água [14], dentre outros. Há indícios de que o tipo e a intensidade do exercício, bem como o modelo animal utilizado, podem influenciar nas respostas hormonais e comportamentais [36].…”

Section: Artigo Originalunclassified

“…Ainda, possui ações anti-inflamatórias por ativação imune, que culminam em eventos antidepressivos [14,15]. Contudo, em animais submetidos a modelo experimental agudo de dor articular em joelhos, a natação por 10 minutos não produziu diminuição do quadro álgico [16], provavelmente por causa da pequena duração e intensidade do exercício, visto que, segundo Koltyn e Umeda [17], a hipoalgesia parece ocorrer quando o exercício é realizado em altas intensidades.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação comportamental de ratos treinados em natação forçada

Peretti

Rosa

Errero

et al. 2015

Sci Med

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RESUMOObjetivos: O exercício físico regular tem diversos efeitos benéficos, contudo, há relatos de aumento na concentração de corticosteroides endógenos, os quais podem inibir a neurogênese e piorar as funções cognitivas, sendo este um aspecto dúbio do exercício físico. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, por meio de testes comportamentais, o efeito do exercício crônico por natação forçada com e sem sobrecarga, sobre parâmetros de ansiedade em ratos Wistar. Métodos: Foram utilizados 24 ratos Wistar, separados em três grupos: Grupo Controle -submetido apenas a avaliações e contato com a água; Grupo Natação -composto por animais submetidos à natação com tempo progressivo; Grupo Natação com Sobrecarga -composto por animais submetidos à natação com sobrecarga de 10% do peso corporal. O exercício ocorreu três vezes por semana, no período vespertino, com aumento no tempo a cada duas semanas (20, 30 e 40 minutos), totalizando seis semanas. Foi realizado em um tanque de água circular de 200 litros, com profundidade de 50 cm e temperatura da água mantida entre 30 e 32º C. A ansiedade dos animais foi avaliada pelos testes Labirinto em Cruz Elevado e Campo Aberto. Resultados: Não houve diferenças significativas em qualquer dos testes comportamentais, comparando os três grupos. Conclusões: Não houve alteração no padrão comportamental de ratos Wistar submetidos a diferentes protocolos de exercício (natação forçada com e sem sobrecarga) quando comparados ao grupo controle não submetido a exercícios. DESCRITORES: comportamento animal; exercício; estresse psicológico. ABSTRACTAims: Regular exercise has several beneficial effects. However, reports show increasing concentrations of endogenous corticosteroids, which may inhibit neurogenesis and deteriorate cognitive functions, thus raising doubts as to the benefits of physical exercise. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through behavioral tests, the effect of chronic forced swimming with and without overload on anxiety parameters in Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats, divided into three groups, were assessed: Control Group -subjected only to evaluations and contact with water; Swimming Group -consisting of animals submitted to progressive swimming time; Weight-loaded Swimming Group -consisting of animals submitted to swimming with loads in excess of 10% of their body weight. The exercise was performed three times a week in the afternoon, with swimming time increases every two weeks (20, 30, and 40 minutes), during six weeks, A 200-liter circular water tank, filled to a depth of 50 cm, was used, and the water temperature was kept between 30º and 32º C. The animals' anxiety was assessed by the Elevated Plus Maze and Open Field tests. Results: No significant differences between the three groups were detected by any of the behavioral tests. Conclusions: No changes were observed in the behavioral pattern of Wistar rats submitted to different exercise protocols (forced swimming with and without overload) compared to the control group.KEY WORDS: behavior, animal; e...

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Swimming exercise ameliorates depression-like behavior in chronically stressed rats: Relevant to proinflammatory cytokines and IDO activation

Cited by 125 publications

References 42 publications

Regular swimming before the induction of ulcer ameliorates oxidative gastric damage in rats: The anxiolytic effect of exercise

Regular swimming before the induction of ulcer ameliorates oxidative gastric damage in rats: The anxiolytic effect of exercise

High-Resolution Magic-Angle Spinning-<sup>1</sup>H-NMR Spectroscopy-Based Metabolic Profiling of Hippocampal Tissue in Rats with Depression-Like Symptoms

Avaliação comportamental de ratos treinados em natação forçada

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