Switching Light Transmittance by Responsive Organometallic Poly(ionic liquid)s: Control by Cross Talk of Thermal and Redox Stimuli

Abstract

A novel organometallic poly(ionic liquid) with both redox-and thermoresponsive properties is synthesized from a poly(ferrocenylsilane) (PFS) via a one-step Strecker sulfite alkylation reaction by using tetraalkylphosphonium sulfite as an effective and versatile nucleophile. This dual-responsive polymer is composed of a PFS backbone and quaternary phosphonium sulfonate side groups and exhibits a concentration-dependent lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the LCST-type phase behavior of the polymer can be switched between the "off " state and "on" state by chemical or electrochemical oxidation and reduction on the ferrocene units in the polymer main chain. As a consequence, a classical LCST-type phase transition, as well as an "isothermal" redox-triggered phase transition can be induced by using thermal and electrochemical triggers without changing the composition of the system. On the basis of this dual responsiveness, a "smart window" device is fabricated. The optical characteristics of this device are completely unaltered after 100 thermal and/ or redox cycles.

Poly(ionic liquid) composites

“…122 In addition to the aforementioned applications, PILs can synergistically work with functional metal sites to develop ''smart'' hybrids or devices. [123][124][125][126][127][128][129] By incorporating a redoxactive metal site into a polyferrocenylsilane derivative (PFS-SO 3 ), Vancso and coworkers developed organometallic PFS-PIL…”

Recent Trends in Metallopolymer Design: Redox‐Controlled Surfaces, Porous Membranes, and Switchable Optical Materials Using Ferrocene‐Containing Polymers

“…[119].Copyright 2017, Wiley. was described by Zhang et al [121] This novel poly(ionic liquid) revealed aL CST-type phase transition in water by oxidizing with iron(III)chloride. The temperature-induced phase transition could be used for controlled switching of light transmittance through a" smart window" by the two individually applied external triggers (Figure 7).…”

“…[120].Copyright 2017, Royal SocietyofC hemistry. [121] Reproduced with permission from Ref. [121].C opyright 2017, Wiley.…”

Synthesis, thin-film self-assembly, and pyrolysis of ruthenium-containing polyferrocenylsilane block copolymers

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Using metallopolymers as precursors to metal nanoparticles (NPs) is key to some of these applications and this may be achieved by either radiation or thermal treatment. 7,8,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Polyferrocenylsilanes (PFSs) are a wellknown class of metallopolymers, [33][34][35][36][37] which contain both Fe and Si in the main chain. Due to the presence of these elements, these materials possess useful characteristics, such as high resistance to oxygen plasma etching and redox activity.…”