Switching off the carbonate factory: A-tidality, stratification and brackish wedges in epeiric seas

Allison, Peter A.; Wright, V. Paul

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2005.05.004

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, Tyson and Pearson (1991a) summarize the causes of hypoxia on modern shelves, argue that most epeiric seas must have been subject to episodic hypoxia, and offer an actualistic model for its development in epeiric seas. Allison and Wright (2005) and Algeo et al (2007) emphasize the non-actualistic aspects of epeiric seas and offer what the latter study calls a ''superesturarine model'' for the development of widespread salinity anomalies and concomitant hypoxia in thin bottom-water layers. Some of the basic features of these models that are most relevant to paleobiology, along with a few modifications and additions, are briefly outlined below.…”

Section: The Epeiric Sea Effectmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The problem with the Paleozoic

Peters¹

2007

Paleobiology

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Unfossiliferous marine sedimentary rocks of Phanerozoic age are known to all field-oriented paleontologists. These troublesome units are often encountered in the field, perhaps cursed roundly for a moment or two, and usually shrugged off in pursuit of the next fossiliferous interval. Paleontologists tend not to discuss barren units, and they rarely publish on the absence of a fauna from what appears to be unaltered marine rock. But aren't barren marine sediments revealing something important about their paleoenvironment and possibly about the paleoenvironments of conformably adjacent fossil-bearing units? Shouldn't paleontologists be just as interested in knowing the locations and ages of unfossiliferous sediments as they are fossiliferous strata?

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Section: The Epeiric Sea Effectmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Allison and Wright (2005) argue for the development of extensive freshwater lenses in epeiric seas and describe the environmental changes they promote. In particular, they point out that salinity stratification, in combination with weak tidal mixing, can result in shallow-water hypoxia.…”

Section: Salinity In Epeiric Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem with the Paleozoic

Peters¹

2007

Paleobiology

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“…when the system became tidally influenced (Allison & Wright, 2005). The top of bed 9 at Hampstead Farm Quarry contains a significant vertebrate and diverse invertebrate marine fauna including echinoids and a single psiloceratid ammonite (Donovan, Curtis & Curtis, 1989) and clearly represents an interval where open marine conditions were prevalent and therefore a likely hiatus in deposition.…”

Section: D Age Comparisons With the Hampstead Farm Quarry Palynolomentioning

confidence: 99%

The age, fauna and palaeoenvironment of the Late Triassic fissure deposits of Tytherington, South Gloucestershire, UK

Whiteside

Marshall

2007

Geol. Mag.

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Important vertebrate faunas occur in fissure deposits of Late Triassic-Jurassic age in SW Britain. Although the faunas are well described, their age and palaeoenvironment remain poorly understood. One such fissure system was documented in detail during quarrying operations at Tytherington and has yielded in situ palynomorphs that add much information concerning its age and palaeoenvironment. Significantly, the Tytherington fauna is of the sauropsid type that has generally been dated as Norian or pre-Penarth Group transgression and was also regarded as representing a distinct upland fauna. The palynomorphs, which include a significant marine component, demonstrate that the Tytherington Triassic fissures are infilled with Late Triassic (Rhaetian) sediments that match specific levels in the Westbury Formation. In addition, many of the Tytherington solutional fissures probably formed during the Rhaetian and are consistent with a fluctuating saline to freshwater environment. There is no prima facie evidence of solutional formation and infilling of the reptilebearing deposits before the Rhaetian trangression. The fissure reptile fauna, which includes the early dinosaur Thecodontosaurus, inhabited a small fire-swept limestone island in the Rhaetian sea. The features of the herpetofauna are entirely consistent with this island model which has Quaternary analogues.

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“…Differences between the two regimes in physical properties such as the nature of water circulation, the propagation of physical disturbances, and the steepness of onshore-offshore gradients, may have been associated with biological differences in origination and extinction rates, as well as the degree of isolation or regionalization of water masses and biotas [10]–[13], [8], [9], [14], [15]. These factors, in turn, suggest that the two systems may exhibit different quantitative relationships between taxonomic richness and area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Genus Richness and Geographic Area in Late Cretaceous Marine Biotas: Epicontinental Sea versus Open-Ocean-Facing Settings

Lagomarcino

Miller

2012

PLoS ONE

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For present-day biotas, close relationships have been documented between the number of species in a given region and the area of the region. To date, however, there have been only limited studies of these relationships in the geologic record, particularly for ancient marine biotas. The recent development of large-scale marine paleontological databases, in conjunction with enhanced geographical mapping tools, now allow for their investigation. At the same time, there has been renewed interest in comparing the environmental and paleobiological properties of two broad-scale marine settings: epicontinental seas, broad expanses of shallow water covering continental areas, and open-ocean-facing settings, shallow shelves and coastlines that rim ocean basins. Recent studies indicate that spatial distributions of taxa and the kinetics of taxon origination and extinction may have differed in these two settings. Against this backdrop, we analyze regional Genus-Area Relationships (GARs) of Late Cretaceous marine invertebrates in epicontinental sea and open-ocean settings using data from the Paleobiology Database. We present a new method for assessing GARs that is particularly appropriate for fossil data when the geographic distribution of these data is patchy and uneven. Results demonstrate clear relationships between genus richness and area for regions worldwide, but indicate that as area increases, genus richness increases more per unit area in epicontinental seas than in open-ocean settings. This difference implies a greater degree of compositional heterogeneity as a function of geographic area in epicontinental sea settings, a finding that is consistent with the emerging understanding of physical differences in the nature of water masses between the two marine settings.

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Switching off the carbonate factory: A-tidality, stratification and brackish wedges in epeiric seas

Cited by 35 publications

References 42 publications

The problem with the Paleozoic

The problem with the Paleozoic

The age, fauna and palaeoenvironment of the Late Triassic fissure deposits of Tytherington, South Gloucestershire, UK

The Relationship between Genus Richness and Geographic Area in Late Cretaceous Marine Biotas: Epicontinental Sea versus Open-Ocean-Facing Settings

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