Synchronization of distributed multimedia systems with user interactions

Liao, Wanjiun; Li, Victor O. K.

doi:10.1007/s005300050088

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…Video scenes are linked in an underlying graph or tree structure. Leung and Chan [2003])-possibly at different speeds (e.g., [Parsloe 1983;Fei et al 2005])-as well as jumps forwards and backwards [Fei et al 1999[Fei et al , 2005Liao and Li 1998]. These are extended by more complex functions changing either the main video presentation or the scene sequence based on user interaction.…”

Section: Fundamentals and Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervideos and Interactive Multimedia Presentations

Meixner

2017

ACM Comput. Surv.

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Hypervideos and interactive multimedia presentations allow the creation of fully interactive and enriched video. It is possible to organize video scenes in a nonlinear way. Additional information can be added to the video ranging from short descriptions to images and more videos. Hypervideos are video-based but also provide navigation between video scenes and additional multimedia elements. Interactive multimedia presentations consist of different media with a temporal and spatial synchronization that can be navigated via hyperlinks. Their creation and description requires description formats, multimedia models, and standardsas well as players. Specialized authoring tools with advanced editing functions allow authors to manage all media files, link and arrange them to an overall presentation, and keep an overview during the whole process. They considerably simplify the creation process compared to writing and editing description documents in simple text editors. Data formats need features that describe interactivity and nonlinear navigation while maintaining temporal and spatial synchronization. Players should be easy to use with extended feature sets keeping elements synchronized. In this article, we analyzed more than 400 papers for relevant work in this field. From the findings we discovered a set of trends and unsolved problems, and propose directions for future research.

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Section: Fundamentals and Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervideos and Interactive Multimedia Presentations

Meixner

2017

ACM Comput. Surv.

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“…Liao and Li [4] proposed a synchronization mechanism to guarantee the quality of multimedia presentations with user interactions. Their synchronization mechanism renders the temporal specifications into a set of playback and retrieval schedules and enforces the playback deadlines upon the communication system.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronization Schemes for Controlling VCR-Like User Interactions in Interactive Multimedia-on-Demand (MOD) Systems

Wang¹

2004

The Computer Journal

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The provision of many VCR-like user interactions, e.g. reverse, skip, freeze-restart and scale, makes multimedia applications more flexible and useful to users. However, due to the unpredictable and uncontrollable network delay and jitter, the provision of VCR-like functions complicates the processing of multimedia synchronization a lot. The main reason is that (i) those media units stored in the client buffers and transmitting in the networks may be either useful or useless and (ii) the servers' media transmission should be adjusted when the corresponding presentation is resumed. Additionally, different VCR-like user interactions have their own processing considerations, which require different control schemes. In this paper, we propose some control schemes that are based on the feedback-adaptive mechanism. Based on the control schemes, we developed a Multimediaon-Demand system in which text, image, graphics, audio and video media are transmitted from the server site to the client site through text, image, graphics, audio and video communication channels respectively. Some performance measurements of the proposed control schemes are also given in this paper.

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“…In recent years, an increasing number of experts and scholars have gone into this area of research [7,11,18,23,[24][25][26][27], among which [11,27] use the broadcasting as a basis, proposing ways to support VCR functions more completely to achieve a more interactive VOD system. References to these related research motivated the intention of our research: to propose a new method of the broadcasting that not only reduces the users' waiting time to a minimum, but also support a more complete array of VCR functions, especially fast-forwarding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%