Synergistic and antagonistic interactions between potassium and magnesium in higher plants

Xie, Kailiu; Çakmak, İsmail; Wang, Shiyu; Zhang, Fusuo; Guo, Shiwei

doi:10.1016/j.cj.2020.10.005

Cited by 176 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…In this study, we demonstrated that the effects caused by the lack of a nutrient ends up hampering the growth of scarlet eggplants, due to modifications in the absorption and use of the lacking nutrient, as well as other nutrients. This occurs because of the interactions between nutrients during the process of absorption and use by the plant’s metabolism in converting them into dry matter [ 5 , 8 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proper nutrition of eggplant plants improves its visual and nutritional quality, as well as its flavor [ 4 ]; however, plant nutrition is a complex factor, due to the interactions between nutrients. These interactions can affect the processes of nutrient absorption and use and thus reflect in the mineral composition of crops, and consequently in its nutritional status, final production and quality [ 5 ]. Such deficiencies can cause nutritional imbalances, leading to the occurrence of deformities in organic tissues, reduced leaf area, limited growth and dry matter production [ 6 – 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a plant that is deficient in K inhibits the biological functions of this nutrient in the plant, such as the activity of multiple enzymes, some of which are involved in the proteins synthesis [ 8 , 10 ]. This occurrence may hamper the metabolism of other nutrients, such as N, which plays an important role in relation to the increment of protein synthesis, but this function is in turn interrupted due to the low activity of enzymes involved in the assimilation of N [ 5 , 8 ]. Therefore, even though the plant has an adequate supply of N via the nutrient solution, its metabolism could be impaired because of a lack of K, and the use efficiency of N will be low, increasing the biological damage in the organism [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional deficiency in scarlet eggplant limits its growth by modifying the absorption and use efficiency of macronutrients

et al. 2021

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The intensity damages caused by nutritional deficiency in growing plants can vary with nutrients. The effects caused by nutrient omission in the plant nutritional efficiency in relation to the absorption and use of the missing nutrient, and the reasons why these damages reflect in other nutrients have not yet been reported in the culture of scarlet eggplant. A better understanding of the nutritional mechanisms involved may clarify why certain nutrients cause greater limitations than other during plants growth. Thus, this study was designed with the aim of evaluating the damages caused by macronutrients deficiency in the culture of scarlet eggplant in the accumulation of these nutrients, nutritional deficiency, plants growth and in visual symptoms. The experiment was carried out in a controlled environment where plants were cultivated in a hydroponic system. Treatments consisted of supplying a complete Hoagland and Arnon solution (CS), and other nutrient solutions with individual omissions of nitrogen (-N), phosphorus (-P), potassium (-K), calcium (-Ca), magnesium (-Mg) and sulphur (-S). When a nutrient deficiency arose, nutritional analyses, growth and visual symptoms were analyzed. The omissions of N, S and K in the nutrient solution resulted in lower accumulation of all macronutrients in both the above and below ground biomass. Individual omissions resulted in nutritional imbalances with reflexes in the absorption efficiencies and use of the missing nutrient, as well as of other nutrients, revealing that the metabolism involves multiple nutritional interactions. Losses of nutritional efficiencies of macronutrients caused detrimental effects on plants growth, with reduced height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and biomass production in above ground and below ground. From the losses in production in above ground biomass, the order of macronutrients limitation was N, S, K, Ca, Mg, and P, with reductions of 99, 96, 94, 76, 51 and 46%, respectively, in comparison to plants cultivated in CS. The most limiting nutrients were N, S, and K, seen that its deficiencies affected the metabolism of all other nutrients. This study demonstrates the importance of an adequate nutritional management of N, S, and K in the cultivation of scarlet eggplant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional deficiency in scarlet eggplant limits its growth by modifying the absorption and use efficiency of macronutrients

et al. 2021

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“…Our result is a another example of the antagonism between Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ during pollen germination in vitro and it is in agreement with the current knowledge showing that the intracellular homeostasis depends on Ca 2+ / Mg 2+ equilibrium (Tang and Luan, 2017). The competition between Mg 2+ and K + was mostly studied in plant roots and leaves (Xie et al, 2020). It was shown that high K + to Mg 2+ ratio interferes with Mg 2+ uptake whereas high level of Mg 2+ increases the risk of K + deficiency (Osterhout, 1908; Gransee and Führs, 2013; Laekemariam et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis annexin 5 controls plasma membrane properties in mature pollen grains

Lichocka

Krzymowska

Górecka

et al. 2021

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In Arabidopsis, a dry stigma surface enables a gradual hydration of pollen grains by a controlled release of water. Occasionally the grains may be exposed to extreme precipitations that cause rapid water influx, swelling and eventually lead to pollen membrane (PM) rupture. In metazoans, calcium- and phospholipid-binding proteins, referred to as annexins participate in repair of the plasma membrane damages. It remains unclear, however, how this process is conducted in plants. Here, we examined whether the plant annexin 5 (ANN5), the most abundant member of the annexin family in pollen, is involved in the restoration of PM integrity. We analyzed a cellular dynamics of ANN5 in the pollen grains undergoing in vitro and in vivo hydration. We observed a transient ANN5 association to PM during the in vitro hydration that did not occur in the pollen grains being hydrated on the stigma. To simulate a rainfall, we performed spraying of the pollinated stigma with deionized water that induced ANN5 accumulation at PM. Similarly, calcium or magnesium application affected PM properties and induced ANN5 recruitment to PM. Our data suggest a model, in which ANN5 is involved in the maintenance of membrane integrity in pollen grains exposed to osmotic or ionic imbalances.

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“…Moreover, due to continuous high crop yields, increasingly more Mg is taken away from the soil by the harvest of grains and straws. Unreasonable fertilization, especially the excessive application of N and K fertilizers, also inhibits the absorption of Mg by roots due to competition between ions (Senbayram et al, 2015 ; Xie et al, 2020 ). Consequently, Mg deficiency or potential deficiency is becoming increasingly common worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Fertilization Affected Rice Yields in Magnesium Sufficient Soil in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China

et al. 2021

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Magnesium (Mg) plays a crucial role in rice yield. Heilongjiang Province is the main rice-producing region of China, playing an important role in guaranteeing China's and the world's grain security. However, rarely Mg fertilization is applied in this province. Soil Mg status of main rice-producing areas in Heilongjiang Province was investigated and Mg fertilizer experiments were conducted aiming to provide fertilizer recommendation in this region. A total of 358 soil samples from the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layer from the main rice-producing areas of Heilongjiang Province were collected to analyze soil exchangeable Mg (ex-Mg) and relative chemical properties. Meanwhile, field experiments of soil and foliar Mg application were performed in 2017–2019 to identify the effect of this nutrient on rice yield. The results showed that the ex-Mg concentration in the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layer was 282 mg kg−1 and 243 mg kg−1, respectively. Moreover, ex-Mg ranged on the abundant and exceptionally abundant level accounted for 75% in 0–20 cm and 55.3% in 20–40 cm. The ex-Mg concentration in the upper soil layer was higher than in the lower soil layer and varied depending on regions, which the west part of Heilongjiang Province showed the highest concentration in both soil layers. Correlation analysis showed that there had a significant (P < 0.05) linear relationship between ex-Mg and pH, CEC, ex-K, Ca, K/Mg, and Ca/Mg. Meanwhile, the results of path coefficients demonstrated that pH, CEC, and Ca/Mg had the most direct effect on ex-Mg concentration among these above factors. Soil Mg application had little effect on rice yield, which might be related to the soil Mg concentration and availability, and root uptake activity. Foliar Mg application increased rice yield by 8.45% (P < 0.05) compared to without Mg treatment, increased 1,000-grain weight by 2.62% (P < 0.05), and spikelet number per panicle by 4.19% (P < 0.05). In general, the paddy soil ex-Mg concentration in Heilongjiang Province was abundant. Soil-applied Mg played little role in rice yield in ex-Mg abundant regions, while foliar application increased rice yields significantly via increasing 1,000-grain weight and spikelet number per panicle.

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Synergistic and antagonistic interactions between potassium and magnesium in higher plants

Cited by 176 publications

References 87 publications

Nutritional deficiency in scarlet eggplant limits its growth by modifying the absorption and use efficiency of macronutrients

Nutritional deficiency in scarlet eggplant limits its growth by modifying the absorption and use efficiency of macronutrients

Arabidopsis annexin 5 controls plasma membrane properties in mature pollen grains

Magnesium Fertilization Affected Rice Yields in Magnesium Sufficient Soil in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China

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