Synergistic Antibacterial Interaction between Trachyspermum ammi, Senna alexandrina Mill and Vachellia nilotica spp. Nilotica Extract and Antibiotics

Abstract

To evaluate the interaction between plants extract and antibacterial drugs then to confirm the rationale of the ethno-medicinal use of candidate plants. Methanolic extract of Trachyspermum ammi (Fruit), Senna alexandrina mill (Leaves) and Vachellia nilotica spp. nilotica (Fruit) individually and in combination with commonly used antibiotics (ampicillin, gentamycin and tetracycline) were tested by the Cup Plate method in crude for their antibacterial activity against four standard bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The highest antibacterial activity was recorded in V. nilotica extracts against S. aureus (IZ = 39 mm) and the lowest antibacterial activity was recorded in T. ammi extract against P. aeruginosa (IZ = 0 mm). When the standard antibiotics were tested, the IZ ranged from 0-31 mm. The lowest (MIC) of the three plants extracts against the standard bacteria were determined, the most potent antimicrobial plant was V. nilotica (MIC<1.156-12.5 mg mLG 1). In synergistic results the three extracts showed synergistic interaction in combination with the tested antibiotics which differed according to the species of bacteria. The Inhibition Zones (IZ) ranged from 0-40 mm. The highest largest IZ of 40 mm was observed against B. subtilis where a combination of V. nilotica and Tetracycline were used. The least susceptible bacteria to the plant extract and combination was S. aureus organisms and the most susceptible bacteria was B. subtilis. The synergy of T. ammi, S. alexandrina and V. nilotica showed an overall increase in the activity of standard antibiotics against standard bacteria, thus, there is a scope to develop effective combinations of such antibiotics and purified forms of these medicinal plants.

Antimicrobial activity of Sida acuta, Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus muellerianus against microorganisms implicated in urinary tract infections

“…Furthermore, this study has been able to show that the synergistic interaction between antibiotics and extracts is highly dependent on the species of bacteria against which the combination was tested. This result is in agreement with the reports of Al-Saiym et al (2015) and Sefanovic and Comic (2012) who stated that synergism or antagonism of extracts with antibiotics are organism -specific. Synergism was observed between the extract and antibiotics on Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter sp.…”

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Acacia nilotica (L.) Extract to Overcome Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae

“…The increasing spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in healthcare environments has left physicians with fewer treatment options, leading to costlier treatments [ 1 ]. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered a serious problem worldwide, increasing mortality and morbidity [ 2 ].…”

Achyranthes aspera Extracts as Adjuvants for the Redressal of Antibiotic Resistance

“…They may not kill bacteria by themselves, but they can potentiate the antibiotic effect. With the emergence of antibiotic resistance, the need for screening medicinal plants enhances [ 75 ]. Thus, the plants in the present study did not show antimicrobial activity, but they could be used as resistant breakers or resistant adjuvants for the redressal of resistance against different classes of antibiotics.…”