Synergistic/potentiation interaction between nematostatic constituents fromAzadirachta indica,Madhuca indicaandSapindus mukorossi

Abstract

Triterpenic saponins isolated from seeds of Madhuca indica and fruit pericarp from Sapindus mukorossi exhibited inhibitory effect against two phyto-parasitic nematodes. Azadirachtin and salanin-nimbin-desacetylnimbin (SND) was extracted from seeds and oil of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, respectively. M. indica and S. mukorossi saponins were found to inhibit the movement of pre-adult (J 4 ) stage of Rotylenchulus reniformis with LC 50 of 168.8 and 181.9 mg/mL. Azadirachtin and SND affected the mobility of secondary juvenile stage (J 2 ) of Meloidogyne incognita by 83.3 and 80.1% respectively, at 0.5 mg m/L. M. indica saponin (LC 50 220 mg/mL) exhibited a potentiation effect in the presence of azadirachtin in a 1:3 ratio (LC 50 120.1 mg/mL). A binary mixture (1:1) of azadirachtin and SND was found to show significant nematicidal activity against M. incognita (LC 50 70.9 mg/mL) and R. reniformis (LC 50 91.2 mg/mL).

Botanical Nematicides: A Review

“…at very high concentrations both concerning paralysis effects and biological cycle arrest (12.8 mg/L and 30.72 μg/g), and the recommended dose for nematode control in field does not provide adequate control . According to our results, meliacins do not seem to be characteristic of nematicidal activity contrary to Saha et al, sustaining synergism in a binary mixture (1:1) of azadirachtin and salannin, nimbin, and desacetylnimbin against M. incognita (LC 50 70.9 μg/mL) …”

“…M. indica saponin (LC 50 220 μg/mL) exhibited a potentiating effect in the presence of azadirachtin in a 1:3 ratio (LC 50 120.1 μg/mL). A binary mixture (1:1) of azadirachtin and limonoids was found to show significant nematicidal activity against M. incognita (LC 50 70.9 μg/mL) and R. reniformis (LC 50 91.2 μg/mL) . Saponins and flavonoid rich brimstone leaf, Morinda lucida , was tested for its nematoxic effects on root-knot nematode in the laboratory and screen house.…”

The antimicrobial and antioxidant property, GC–MS analysis of non-edible oil-seed cakes of neem, madhuca, and simarouba

“…Simarouba (Simarouba glauca DC, family Simaroubaceae) also the rich source of oil (60%) contains the bitter terpenoids and quassinoids in the oil-cake (Severan 1953). The seeds, as well as seed-cakes of neem, madhuca, and simarouba, are being incorporated into the soil to control plant pathogenic nematodes and insects (Prasad et al 2005;Saha et al 2010;Ashraf and Khan 2010;Rizvi et al 2012).…”