Synergy between supported ionic liquid-like phases and immobilized palladium N-heterocyclic carbene–phosphine complexes for the Negishi reaction under flow conditions

Abstract

The combination of supported ionic liquids and immobilized NHC–Pd–RuPhos led to active and more stable systems for the Negishi reaction under continuous flow conditions than those solely based on NHC–Pd–RuPhos. The fine tuning of the NHC–Pd catalyst and the SILLPs is a key factor for the optimization of the release and catch mechanism leading to a catalytic system easily recoverable and reusable for a large number of catalytic cycles enhancing the long-term catalytic performance.

An In‐Situ‐Formed Copper‐Based Perfluorinated Catalytic System for the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols

“…Additional references cited within the Supporting Information. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]…”

Recent Advancements in Continuous‐Flow Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling Utilizing Immobilized Molecular Palladium Complexes

“…[51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] Hence, the practical application of this catalyst type without the need for pre-treatment in continuous-flow Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is highly promising. [55][56][57][58][59] Additionally, in the 2000s, various catalytic systems and reaction techniques for microscale Suzuki-Miyaura coupling under flow conditions emerged. Examples include coating a Pd film on a capillary tube and immobilizing a polymeric Pd complex membrane in a microchannel device.…”

“…In contrast to supported Pd NPs, anchoring the Pd complex to a solid support containing appropriate coordination sites and tailored structural design is anticipated to maintain its catalytic stability during the reaction. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] Hence, the practical application of this catalyst type without the need for pre-treatment in continuous-flow Suzuki-Miyaura coupling is highly promising. [55][56][57][58][59] Additionally, in the 2000s, various catalytic systems and reaction techniques for microscale Suzuki-Miyaura coupling under flow conditions emerged.…”

“… [35] Consequently, catalytic deactivation and product contamination caused by Pd leaching under the continuous‐flow conditions are generally difficult to avoid. In contrast to supported Pd NPs, anchoring the Pd complex to a solid support containing appropriate coordination sites and tailored structural design is anticipated to maintain its catalytic stability during the reaction [51–59] . Hence, the practical application of this catalyst type without the need for pre‐treatment in continuous‐flow Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling is highly promising [55–59] .…”