Injectable filters permeable to water but impermeable to non-polar solvents were developed to contain non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL) in contaminated aquifers, hence protecting downstream receptors during NAPL remediation. Filters were produced by injecting aqueous solutions of 0.01% chitosan, hydroxyethylcellulose and quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose into sand columns, followed by rinsing with water. Polymer sorption onto silica was verified using a quartz-crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. Fluorescence and gas chromatography mass spectroscopy showed low ppm range concentrations of non-polar solvents (e.g., hexane and toluene) in water eluted from the filters (in the absence of emulsifiers). The contact angles between polymer-coated surfaces and hexane or toluene were > 90°, indicating surface oleophobicity. Organic, polar solvents (e.g. tetrahydrofuran and tetrachloroethylene, TCE) were not separated from water. The contact angles between polymercoated surfaces and TCE was also > 90°. However, the contact area with polymer coated surfaces was greater for TCE than non-polar solvents, suggesting higher affinity between TCE and the surfaces. Emulsifiers can be used to facilitate NAPL extraction from aquifers. Emulsion separation efficiency depended on the emulsifier used. Emulsions were not separated with classical surfactants (e.g. Tween 20 and oleic acid) or alkaline zein solutions. Partial emulsion separation was achieved with humic acids and zein particles. Petroleum hydrocarbons (e.g. toluene) are common soil and groundwater contaminants because of their historical and current use in industry 1. Oil spills in surface waters can also occur during transport by boat, threatening surface water bodies and ecosystems in their proximity 2-4. In 1969, the oil well blowout in Santa Barbara, California released 4.1-4.6 million barrels of oil 5,6. Since then, American waters have been contaminated by more than 44 oil spills (each over 420,000 US gallons) 7. Spills have also occurred in Greece (where the Agia Zoni II released over 2,500 tonnes of oil in 2017 8), in India (where the Ennore spill released 160 tonnes of oil 9) and in east China (where the Sanchi oil tanker released 136,000 tonnes of natural-gas condensate in 2018 10). In addition to sorbents 11,12 , separation sponges have been developed to clean-up oil spills in surface waters. Separation sponges can be attached onto suction ports on boats, to selectively extract oil from surface waters 13. Oil-water separation sponges are produced using different methods, including dip coating, chemical vapor deposition, in situ chemical reaction, wet chemical reaction, thermal treatment, polymerization, electroless deposition, or carbonization 13. Different materials have been used to produce sponges for oil-water separation. For instance, graphene/polyurethane sponges have been obtained by in situ polymerization of N-methylpyrrolidone in the presence of graphene 14. These sponges have been used to selectively extract hexane, crude oil and engine oil flo...