Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane ionomers with trimellitic anhydride and dimethylol propionic acid for waterborne self-emulsifying dispersions

Abstract

A new synthesis for polyurethane dispersions was developed using both trimellitic anhydride alone and in combination with dimethylol propionic acid as internal emulsifiers. During synthesis of the polyurethane ionomer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for monitoring and characterizing both the polyaddition step and the anhydride ring opening process. Depending on the synthesis route, the carboxylic groups are either located at the end of the polymer backbone or additionally statistically distributed within the polymer chain itself. The effect of the carboxylic group's position on the chemical and physical properties, with particular reference to particle size and pH, was analyzed. Three different polyols were used to synthesize the polyurethane dispersions. Driven by the current trend to find renewable alternatives to petrochemical-based raw materials, one bio-based polyol was included for the synthesis. The effect of the different structures of the polyurethane dispersions (petrochemical- or bio-based polyols) on mechanical properties and thermal behavior was investigated

Performance of palm oil‐based dihydroxystearic acid as ionizable molecule in waterborne polyurethane dispersions

“…The lower ionic strength of DHSA ionizing site leads to lower electrostatic repulsive force between the particles in the WPUDs system and this is not sufficient to stabilize the particles and they start to agglomerate. 24 Otherwise, DHSA was successfully incorporated as ionizable molecule up to 50% in the NCO-prepolymers used to prepare the WPUDs. All the WPUDs prepared at 1/0, 0.75/ 0.25, and 0.5/0.5 of DMPA/DHSA were stable at room conditions.…”

Synthesis and characterization of waterborne UV-curable polyurethane modified with side-chain triethoxysilane and colloidal silica

“…The schematic structures of these HEA-APTES functionalized WUPUs are shown in scheme 2. Table 1 of WPU [24][25][26][27]. The intensity average particle diameters of the pure WUPU dispersion and silica sol are 54 and 10 nm, respectively.…”

Itaconic acid used as a versatile building block for the synthesis of renewable resource‐based resins and polyesters for future prospective: a review

“…IA is an attractive constituent for bio‐based coatings because of its renewable nature and its being able to act as a crosslinking site. So, dispersions based on IA were effectively developed for wood coating applications . This involves the synthesis of polyester resins, comprising IA and bio‐based monomer units like adipic acid, cyclohexane‐1,2‐dicarboxylic anhydride, 1,6‐hexanediol, 1,3‐ propanediol and neopentylglycol (Fig.…”