“…Oxide-based inorganic phosphors, due to their excellent photostability and low toxic level, have found many applications in scintillators, lasers, multicolor displays, lighting systems, and biological and chemical sensing. − Chemically stable alkaline earth aluminates MAl 2 O 4 (M = Ca, Sr, or Ba) have been used as a host material of phosphors. − Among them, Ce 3+ and Eu 2+ doped CaAl 2 O 4 have been extensively explored − for their long-lasting persistent afterglow. The relative positions of the luminescent levels and other defect levels with respect to band edges are critical in determining the properties of scintillators, thermal quenching of phosphors, and persistent afterglow.…”