Synthesis and processing of biodegradable and bio-based polymers by microwave irradiation

Frediani, Marco; Giachi, Guido; Rosi, Luca; Frediani, Piero

doi:10.5772/23692

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The numerical model integrated the estimated electromagnetic power density over the entire specimen domain to determine the microwave power absorbed. Similar studies were reported in References 61, 65–67. As explained earlier, the material's dielectric properties control how much microwave power is absorbed 67 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Microwave heating of graphene nanoplatelet polymer composites: Experimental and finite element study

Dua

Zhang²,

Mertiny

2023

Polymer Composites

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Compared with contemporary electrofusion techniques that use embedded wires for Joule heating, microwave heating may facilitate the joining of thermoplastic polymer components, promising shortened fusion periods, superior heating uniformity, and reduced energy consumption. This study investigates the fabrication of multifunctional polylactide acid (PLA) composites with strong microwave absorption using graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). GNP/PLA nanocomposites were fabricated using a two‐step scalable manufacturing method, that is, solution blending and hot compression molding. The GNP content of the composites ranged from 0% to 8% by weight. The samples were characterized for dielectric permittivity, heat capacity, and electrical and thermal conductivity. Thermal imaging was used to investigate the efficacy of microwave heating in GNP/PLA nanocomposites as a function of microwave power and filler weight fractions. The microwave heating process in GNP composites was studied using multi‐physics finite element software. The experimental results were compared to numerical model predictions for maximum temperature and microwave energy absorbed. The produced nanocomposites were discovered to have strong microwave absorption characteristics and hence rapid heating, making this type of composite a prospective choice for gasket materials that facilitate fusion bonding for thermoplastic‐based components via localized heating.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Microwave heating of graphene nanoplatelet polymer composites: Experimental and finite element study

Dua

Zhang²,

Mertiny

2023

Polymer Composites

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“…In the case of FM in parallel to the classical ROP reaction carried out, heating the reaction mixture at 130 °C, a series of microwave-assisted polymerization reactions were performed. Microwaves were considered an efficient energy source for the synthesis of polymers, with an impressive potential in terms of time and energy economy and sometimes capable of inducing specific nonthermal effects [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. By this way, microwave-assisted polymerization of L-lactide can proceed faster, with high purity and consequently with high yield if compared with the classical lactide polymerization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the corresponding profile, it can be hypothesized that two families of macromolecules are present in the samples MDFMmw1 and MDFMmw3; however, their formation and their nature are not certain. Although it is difficult to hypothesize the origin of these two populations, the literature suggests that transesterification reactions can occur during polymerization [ 48 ]. Transesterification may occur by inter- and intramolecular mechanisms giving, in the first case, an enlargement of molecular weight distribution curves and, in the second case, cyclic polymers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular Dyes by Chromophore-Initiated Ring Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide

et al. 2020

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End functionalized polylactides are prepared by ring opening polymerization of L-lactide in the presence of stannous octoate (Sn(Oct)2). Three chromophores, 9H-carbazol-ethanol (CA), 9-fluorenyl-methanol (FM), and 2-(4-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenylazo)-N-ethylphenylamino)ethanol (Disperse Red 13, DR), are for the first time used as co-initiators in the polymerization process. The polymerization reaction is initiated by conventional thermal treatment, but in the case of FM, microwave-assisted polymerization is also carried out. CA and FM absorb and emit in the UV portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas DR absorbs in the visible part. The obtained end-capped polylactides derivatives show the same photophysical properties as the initiator, so they are “macromolecular dyes” (MDs) that can be used “as synthesized” or can be blended with commercial poly(lactic acid) (PLA). The blends of PLA with MDs have ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption and fluorescence emission features similar to that of MDs and thermal properties typical of PLA. Finally, migration tests, carried out onto the blends of PLA with MDs and PLA with free chromophores, show that MDs are less released than free chromophores both in solution and in the solid phase.

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“…One of the promising methods for the cleaner production of cellulose‐based superabsorbent hydrogels is using microwave irradiation polymerization. Giachi reported that the microwave‐synthesized product possessed faster swelling and shrinking kinetics in comparison with the superabsorbent hydrogels prepared by conventional methods …”

Section: Cellulose‐based Superabsorbents For Hygienic Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose‐based hydrogels for personal care products

Bashari

Shirvan

Shakeri

2018

Polymers for Advanced Techs

143

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Name of cellulose is referred to a type of natural carbohydrate with many hydroxyl groups and high water absorption capacity. Cellulose is the most abundant natural polymer, found as the main constituent of plants (plant cellulose). Some bacteria such as Acetobacter xylinum are also able to synthesize bacterial cellulose. Cellulose-based hydrogels are superabsorbent materials, which make 3D networks. Chemical bonds or other cohesive forces such as hydrogen bonding or ionic interactions connect the cellulose chains together. Hydrogels can swell and absorb water and other aqueous fluids in their 3D networks, but they are insoluble in them. Nowadays, an increasing demand emerges for biodegradable materials and products made from renewable resources such as cellulose. The excellent biocompatibility of cellulose has prompted the large use of cellulose-based personal care products. Cellulose hydrogel is used for these products as the thickener and stabilizing agents or as moisturizing agent to improve the skin feel of the product. Hygienic cellulosic absorbent products such as diapers, panty liners, tampons, paper towels, and tissue papers are used as personal care products. These products are available in different absorbency ratings from junior to ultra-absorbency. Using cellulose-based hydrogel, superabsorbent products are made. In this review, applications of cellulose-based hydrogels in personal care products were reviewed.

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Synthesis and processing of biodegradable and bio-based polymers by microwave irradiation

Cited by 11 publications

References 87 publications

Microwave heating of graphene nanoplatelet polymer composites: Experimental and finite element study

Microwave heating of graphene nanoplatelet polymer composites: Experimental and finite element study

Macromolecular Dyes by Chromophore-Initiated Ring Opening Polymerization of L-Lactide

Cellulose‐based hydrogels for personal care products

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