Synthesis and structural characterization of some Pb(B 1 3/t’ Nb2/3)O3 type materials by two-stage solid-state route

Abstract

Two-stage columbite solid state reaction route has been used for the preparation of 3 2/3 1/3 O Nb B Pb) (′ materials (B′ ′ = Mg, Ni and Cd). The columbite precursor phase was structurally characterized using diffraction data. MgNb 2 O 6 , NiNb 2 O 6 and CdNb 2 O 6 show orthorhombic structures i.e. pure columbite phase. Final phase materials get stabilized in mixed phase. The diffraction pattern shows that it is a mixture of cubic pyrochlore and perovskite phase. Percentage of perovskite phase was calculated using the band intensities of (110) perovskite and (222) pyrochlore peaks. The calculated percentages show the dominant perovskite phase. Possible reasons for mixed phase are discussed.

Ferroelectric relaxor behavior and dielectric spectroscopic study of 0.99(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)–0.01(SrNb2O6) solid solution

“…For a given temperature, the magnitude of ε decreases with increasing frequencies, which is a typical characteristic of disordered materials [39,40]. The Debye formula giving complex permittivity related to free dipole oscillating in an alternating field [41] is given as:…”