Synthesis, Morphological Control, and Properties of Silver Nanoparticles in Potential Applications

Abstract

Nanostructured materials, especially nanoparticles (NPs), of noble metal NPs such as silver (Ag) have been the focus of research in recent decades because of their distinct physical, chemical, and biological properties. These materials have attracted considerable attention because of their potential applications, such as catalysis, biosensing, drug delivery, and nanodevice fabrication. Previous studies on Ag NPs have clearly demonstrated that their electromagnetic, optical, and catalytic properties are strongly influenced by their shape, size, and size distribution, which can be varied by using different synthetic methods, reducing agents, and stabilizers. The valuable optical properties of Ag NPs have allowed for new approaches in sensing and imaging applications, offering a wide range of detection modes, such as colorimetric, scattering, and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering techniques, at extremely low detection limits. Here, an overview of the various chemical, physical, and biological properties of Ag NP fabrication approaches to obtain the various shapes and sizes is presented.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles for topical applications: effect of surface coating and loading into hydrogels

“…45 Several groups have utilized the crude extract of fungi for myco-synthesis of AgNPs. 31,46,47 Different studies have discussed the fabrication of AgNPs based on fungi-assisted bioreduction processes, as well as their antibacterial activities.…”

Effects of silver nanoparticles on neonatal testis development in mice

“…Chemical methods produce toxic waste and require the use of various toxic materials, including hydrazine, citrate, borohydride, and other organic compounds, which can affect human health, living organisms, and the environment. 27,28 Physical methods result in the production of low yields of AgNPs. Biological methods, otherwise known as the green synthesis of AgNPs, involve molecules produced by living organisms such as plants, microorganisms, and non-toxic substances.…”

Silver Nanoparticles Obtained by Aqueous or Ethanolic Aloe vera Extracts: An Assessment of the Antibacterial Activity and Mercury Removal Capability

“…It has been used in water and air purification, biomedical application, catalytic activity, household products, cosmetics [18][19][20], food production [21], and clothing [22,23]. Due to its small size and large surface to volume ratios, AgNPs might exhibit additional antimicrobial capabilities not exerted by ionic silver.…”