Synthesis of biodiesel using local natural zeolite as heterogeneous anion exchange catalyst

Hartono, Rudi; Wijanarko, Anondho; Hermansyah, Heri

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/345/1/012002

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Hal ini dikarenakan katalis heterogen memiliki kelebihan yaitu mudah dipisahkan pada akhir reaksi, dapat digunakan kembali, dan ramah lingkungan [11]. Salah satun katalis heterogen yaitu zeolit alam [12]. Zeolit adalah suatu kristal alumina silikat hidrat yang memiliki kerangka struktur tiga dimensi yang tersusun atas tetrahedral (SiO4) 4dan (AlO4) 5dengan atom oksigen sebagai penghubung keduanya [13].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Artikel Review: Pemanfaatan Katalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Dalam Sintesis Biodiesel Dengan Metode Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi

Ulfa¹,

Samik²

2023

UJC

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Menipisnya bahan bakar minyak bumi dapat menjadi masalah jika tidak ditanggulangi dengan cepat. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan kelangkaan dan meningkatnya harga bahan bakar minyak. Energi alternatif mulai dikembangakan sebagai solusi atas masalah tersebut, salah satunya adalah biodiesel. Sintesis biodiesel memiliki bahan utama berupa minyak seperti minyak kelapa sawit, minyak jelantah, minyak biji karet, minyak sawit mentah, dan lain-lain. Reaksi sintesis biodiesel umumnya adalah reaksi transesterifikasi yang cenderung lambat dan lama sehingga diperlukan katalis agar reaksi dapar berjalan dengan cepat. Terdapat dua katalis yang dapat digunakan yaitu katalis homogen dan katalis heterogen. Penggunaan katalis heterogen lebih mudah dipisahkan dikarenakan fasa katalis berbeda dengan reaktan maupun produk. Salah satu katalis heterogen biodiesel yang dapat digunakan adalah katalis zeolit alam. Penggunaan katalis zeolit alam memiliki banyak keuntungan seperti harganya yang relatif murah, kelimpahan di alam yang cukup banyak, dan ramah lingkungan. Pemanfaatan zeolit alam sebagai katalis biodiesel diperlukan aktivasi zeolit alam yang dapat dilakukan dengan larutan asam maupun basa. Oleh karena itu, pada artikel review ini membahas mengenai % yield biodisel dengan bantuan katalis zeolit alam yang teraktivasi asam atau basa dari sepuluh artikel. Didapatkan % yield biodiesel tertinggi sebesar 100% pada produksi biodiesel dari minyak jelantah dengan katalis zeolit alam Wonosari teraktivasi asam berupa HCl 6M pada reaksi esterifikasi sebanyak 2% dari berat minyak. Kemudian dilanjutkan reaksi transesterifikasi dengan katalis basa KOH dengan kondisi suhu 60℃ dengan rasio molar minyak dan metanol 1:6 selama 1 jam, dan kecepatan pengadukan 1200 rpm. Berdasarkan hasil artikel review ini zeolit alam yang telah teraktivasi asam atau basa dapat dijadikan sebagai katalis dalam sintesis biodiesel menggunakan metode transesterifikasi dan esterifikasi. Kata kunci : Biodiesel, Katalis biodiesel, Zeolit Alam

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Artikel Review: Pemanfaatan Katalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Dalam Sintesis Biodiesel Dengan Metode Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi

Ulfa¹,

Samik²

2023

UJC

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“…The process was carried out by means of a heated zeolite temperature of 450 o C, 4 hours in calcination time, chill and the catalyst is ready for use. Calcination time for 4 hours [16] Characterization of material and catalyst Characterization of Bayah Banten natural zeolite cataly st was conducted by using several methods, such as using XRD brand MalvernPanalytical Empyrean Diffractometer, to analyze the type and composition of crystals of zeolite. FTIR was conducted to determine the functional groups present in the zeolite.…”

Section: Preparation Of a Modifi Ed Bayah Banten Zeolite Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The natural zeolite used has huge amount but the distribution is uneven and the chrystallinity is poor. To improve it, the activation and modifi cation was conducted to increase its activation as a catalyst [16].This study focused on the modifi cation process of Bayah Banten natural zeolite with the impregnation method using KOH and the calcination process to produce the catalyst. The catalyst produced was then reacted with waste cooking oil to produce biodiesel by transesterifi cation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of bayah banten natural zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production

Hartono

Wijanarko²,

Hermansyah³

2019

J Appl Eng Science

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The purpose of this study was to produce a biodiesel through the reaction of waste cooking oil with methanol by using a modifi ed Bayah Banten zeolite as catalyst. This catalyst was produced from its natural from by using potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a reactant in 100 ml of distilled water. The reaction to produce a biodiesel was performed at various temperature and time to get the optimum condition. The advantages of this catalyst were eco-friendly, easily separated after the reaction process, and can be reused as a catalyst. The molar ratio of waste cooking oil and methanol for transesterifi cation process was 1:7. The yield of biodiesel at various optimum temperatures and times is 94% (50 gram of KOH/100ml), 87,8% (75 gram of KOH/100ml), and 86% (100 gram of KOH/100 ml). Biodiesel results were analyzed by GC Ester content and modifi ed catalysts were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX.

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“…Increased energy production is a key requirement for a given country’s economic development. The continuing growth of the world population and economic development results in a growing demand for fuel [ 1 , 2 ]. Today, fossil fuels are still the main source of energy used to meet energy needs [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, biodiesel has several advantages. Biodiesel is a biodegradable fuel produced from renewable feedstocks such as waste cooking oil, vegetable oils, or animal fats, making it possible to use the excess of these raw materials for use in its production [ 2 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Activation Process and Metal Oxide Addition (CaO, MgO, SrO) on the Catalytic and Physicochemical Properties of Natural Zeolite in Transesterification Reaction

et al. 2021

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This work provides valuable information about unexplored catalytic systems tested in the transesterification reaction of vegetable oil with methanol. It was demonstrated that natural zeolite treatment leads to enhanced catalytic activity and yield of biodiesel production. The activation of the catalytic material in a mixture of 5% H2–95% Ar resulted in an improvement of the values of the TG conversion and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield. In addition, it was proven that the incorporation of CaO, MgO and SrO oxides onto the natural zeolite surface improves the TG conversion and FAME yield values in the transesterification reaction.

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Synthesis of biodiesel using local natural zeolite as heterogeneous anion exchange catalyst

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Artikel Review: Pemanfaatan Katalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Dalam Sintesis Biodiesel Dengan Metode Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi

Artikel Review: Pemanfaatan Katalis Zeolit Alam Teraktivasi Dalam Sintesis Biodiesel Dengan Metode Esterifikasi Dan Transesterifikasi

Modification of bayah banten natural zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production

The Effect of the Activation Process and Metal Oxide Addition (CaO, MgO, SrO) on the Catalytic and Physicochemical Properties of Natural Zeolite in Transesterification Reaction

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