Synthesis of Linear Polyethylene by a Free Radical Route at Very High Pressures

Synthesis of Bifunctional Monomers by the Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of Cardanol and its Derivatives

“…Helium was used as the carrier gas with initial flow of 1mLmin À1 .T he temperature program used was 50 8C( 4min), 20 8Cmin À1 to 130 8C( 2min), 20 8Cmin À1 to 220 8C( 15.5 min). 1 Ha nd 13 CNMR spectra were recorded at 298 K by using Bruker 300 or 400 MHz and 75 or 100 MHz spectrometers for 1 Ha nd 13 CNMR, respectively.S amples for NMR analysis were dissolved in deuterated solvents, the peaks of which were used to reference the spectra to tetramethylsilane at d = 0ppm. The IR spectra were recorded by using aP erkinElmer Spectrum GX FTIR spectrometer using KBr discs.…”

“…The reaction was stirred at RT for 24 h. The product was purified by distillation under vacuum. 1 HNMR (400 Hz;C DCl 3 ): d = 1.23-1.47 (m, 9H; ÀCH 2 À,a lkyl chain), 1.54-1.73 (m, 4.9 H; ÀCH 2 À, ÀCH 3 ), 1.94-2.11( m, 2H; ÀCH 2 À), 2.59 (t, 3 J(H,H) = 7.2, 2H; ÀCH 2 À), 4.83 (s, 1H; ÀOH), 5.36-5.52 (m, 2H; ÀCHÀ), 6.63-6.71 (m, 2H;A r-H), 6.79 (d, 3 1,29.7,31.5,32.9,36.3 (ÀCH 2 (3), 147 (6), 133 (6), 120 (25), 108 (100), 91 (6), 77 (22), 55 (22), 41 (16).…”

“…Crystals suitable for crystal structure determination were obtained by layering ad ichloromethane solution with hexane and slow diffusion. 1 Method 2:T he methoxycarbonylation of monoene anacardic acid [11c] was performed as for the methoxycarbonylation of cardanol to yield 2-hydroxy-6-(16-methoxy-16-oxohexadecyl)benzoic acid in 66 %i solated yield. 1 HNMR (400 Hz;C DCl 3 ): d = 1.07-1.49 ChemCatChem 2016, 8,751 -757 www.chemcatchem.org (m, 22 H; ÀCH 2 À,a lkyl chain), 1.54-1.73 (m, 4H; ÀCH 2 À), 2.33 (t, 3 J(H,H) = 8.1, 2H; ÀCH 2 À), 3.01 (t, 3 J(H,H) = 8.2, 2H; ÀCH 2 À), 3.70 (s, 3H; ÀOCH 3 ), 6.80 (d, 3 J(H,H) = 7.5, 1H;A r-H), 6.90 (d, 3 J(H,H) = 8.98, 1H;A r-H), 7.38 (t, 3 J(H,H) = 8.98, 1H;A r-H), 11.11ppm (s, 1H; ÀCOOH); 13 CNMR (100 Hz;C DCl 3 ): d = 25.…”

“…The polymer industry is one of the sectors that relies on non-renewable resources such as petroleuma nd natural gas for its raw materials. For example, polyethylene is made by the polymerization of ethylene using free-radical reactions [1] or catalysts, such as Ziegler catalysts [2] and single site metallocene catalysts. [3] The major sourceo fe thylene is petroleum,w hich means the threat of oil depletion is also at hreat to the polymer industry.R enewable resources, such as bioethylene, plant oils, and agricultural wastes,a re potential replacementsf or non-renewable raw materials.…”

Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposite anticorrosive coatings

“…There are a number of different kinds of corrosion, depending on the types of materials involved and the nature of the surrounding media [107,108].…”