Synthesis of Methyl Ester from Chicken Oil and Methanol Using Heterogeneous Catalyst of CaO-MgO as well as Characterization Its Potential as a Biodiesel Fuel

Santoso, Aman; Sumari, Sumari; Salim, Agus; Marfuah, Siti

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1093/1/012035

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Oleh karena itu, perlu diberikan alternatif metode dengan memanfaatkan gelombang ultrasonik agar lebih efisisen dan menguntungkan. Gelombang ultrasonik adalah suatu gelombang yang mempunyai frekuensi di atas ambang dengar manusia yaitu di atas 20.000 Hz [17,18]. Gelombang ultrasonik yang dirambatkan dapat menghasilkan tekanan bolak-balik dan menimbulkan gelombang mikro.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Pembuatan Sabun Transparan dari Minyak Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Minyak Ayam (Gallus domesticus)

et al. 2021

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Sabun transparan dapat dibuat dari minyak nabati dengan basa alkali melalui reaksi saponifikasi dengan penambahan transparent agent. Perbedaan karakter bahan dari minyak kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan minyak ayam (Gallus domesticus) berpotensi menghasilkan sabun transparan yang unik. Kavitasi gelombang ultrasonik menghomogenkan campuran dan mempercepat laju reaksi. Tujuan penelitian ini membuat sabun transparan dari minyak kelapa dan minyak ayam serta membandingkan sabun yang dihasilkan menggunakan gelombang ultrasonik dan dengan sabun dari metode pemanasan. Penelitian eksperimental dilakukan dengan tahapan preparasi dan karakterisasi minyak kelapa dan minyak ayam, dilanjutkan dengan saponifikasi dengan disertai gelombang ultrasonik. Karakterisasi sabun transparan hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa sabun yang terbuat dari minyak kelapa lebih transparan dari yang berasal minyak ayam, dan sabun yang dibuat dengan gelombang ultrasonik lebih transparan dari pada yang dibuat dengan pemanasan. Karakter sabun transparan dari minyak kelapa dengan ultrasonik memiliki kadar air sebesar 22,02%, fraksi tak tersabunkan sebesar 1,01%, bagian tak larut dalam alkohol sebesar 1,79%, alkali bebas sebesar 0,04%, pH 9,35, karakter ini sesuai dengan SNI sabun kecuali kadar airnya. Sabun dari minyak ayam memiliki kadar air 23,26%, fraksi tak tersabunkan sebesar 5,57%, bagian tak larut dalam alkohol sebesar 4,69%, alkali bebas sebesar 0,12%, pH 9,60, dan karakter ini kurang sesuai dengan SNI sabun. Sabun yang dihasilkan dengan metode ultrasonik dengan bahan minyak kelapa memiliki karakter yang paling baik dan memiliki kesesuaian paling banyak dengan SNI sabun padat.Transparent soap is synthesized from vegetable oils with alkaline bases through the saponification reaction with the addition of a transparent agent. The different material characteristics of coconut oil (Cocos nucifera) and chicken oil (Gallus domesticus) have the potential to produce unique transparent soap. Ultrasonic wave cavitation homogenizes the mixture and accelerates the reaction rate. The purpose of this research is to synthesize transparent soap from coconut oil and chicken oil and compared the soap produced using ultrasonic waves and with soap from the heating method. This experimental laboratory research was carried out with the stages of preparation and characterization of coconut oil and chicken oil, followed by saponification of coconut oil and chicken oil accompanied by ultrasonic waves. Characterization of the synthesized transparent soap. The results in this study indicate that soaps made from coconut oil are more transparent than those made from chicken oil, and soaps made with ultrasonic waves are more transparent than those made by normal heating. The ultrasonic transparent soap character of coconut oil has a moisture content of 22.02%, the non-saponified fraction 1.01%, insoluble part of alcohol by 1.79%, free alkaline by 0.04%, pH 9.35, and this is in accordance with SNI for soap except for its water content. Meanwhile, ultrasonic soap from chicken oil has a moisture content of 23.26%, non-saponified fraction 5.57%, the insoluble portion of alcohol was 4.69%, free alkaline 0.12%, pH 9.60, this is not in accordance with SNI soap. The soap produced by the ultrasonic method with coconut oil has the best character and has the most compatibility with SNI for solid soap.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Pembuatan Sabun Transparan dari Minyak Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Minyak Ayam (Gallus domesticus)

et al. 2021

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“…Untuk nilai indeks bias sebesar 1,4659 dan angka asam sebesar 1,79 mg KOH/g CPO. Selanjutnya juga perlu dilakukan perhitungan kadar asam lemak bebas (ALB) dari CPO untuk dapat menentukan metode yang cocok untuk sintesis (Santoso et al, 2019).…”

Section: Angka Asamunclassified

“…Berdasarkan pengamatan, diperoleh puncak-puncak yang posisinya 99% sama dengan yang terdapat pada database WILEY7n.1 nomor entry 247777, senyawa tersebut diduga merupakan metil oktadekanoat atau metil stearat. Dari uraian analisis spektrum GC-MS dapat disimpulkan ester penyusun ester dari CPO yaitu adalah metil miristat (1,200 %), metil palmitat (40,637%), metil linoleat (9,323 %), metil oleat (42,986 %), dan metil stearat (4,427% (Santoso et al, 2018a)).…”

Section: Kesimpulanunclassified

Effect of various alcohols in Trans-Esterification of Palm Oil (CPO) with CaO-MgO Catalyst

Santoso¹,

Rizky²,

Sumari³

et al. 2021

RBAET

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The purpose of this research is the synthesis of alkyl esters from CPO through transesterification reaction using catalyst CaO-MgO. This experimental laboratory research through stages: (1) CPO refinement, (2) determination of CPO free fatty acid numbers, (3) activation of CaO-MgO catalysts, (5) synthesis of alkyl esters from CPO with alcohol (methanol and ethanol), (6) identification of the components of synthesized alkyl ester using GC-MS,characterization of alkyl esters including density, viscosity, refractive index and acid number test. The results showed that (1) alkyl esters can be synthesized from CPO through the transesterification reaction with methanol and CaO-MgO catalysts with a yield of 85.72%, while the transformation of ethanol is difficult to form ethyl ether (2) the character of methyl ester: density 0.86 g/mL, viscosity 3.23 cSt, refractive index 1.44819, and acid number 0.747 mg KOH/g methyl ester, (3) the main component of the synthesized alkyl ester contains 1.20% methyl myristic compound, methyl palmitate 40.637% methyl linoleate 9.332%, methyl 7-octadecenoate 42.986%, and methyl stearate 4.427%.

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The effect of basic catalyst concentration on tobacco oil transesterification (Voor-Oogst) using ultra-sonic wave and its potential as renewable energy

Santoso¹,

Putri²,

Rusdi³

et al. 2021

The 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS AND SCIENCE EDUCATION (ICoMSE) 2020: Innovative Research in Science and Mathema

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Synthesis of Methyl Ester from Chicken Oil and Methanol Using Heterogeneous Catalyst of CaO-MgO as well as Characterization Its Potential as a Biodiesel Fuel

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Pembuatan Sabun Transparan dari Minyak Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Minyak Ayam (Gallus domesticus)

Pengaruh Gelombang Ultrasonik pada Pembuatan Sabun Transparan dari Minyak Kelapa (Cocos nucifera) dan Minyak Ayam (Gallus domesticus)

Effect of various alcohols in Trans-Esterification of Palm Oil (CPO) with CaO-MgO Catalyst

The effect of basic catalyst concentration on tobacco oil transesterification (Voor-Oogst) using ultra-sonic wave and its potential as renewable energy

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