Synthesis of peanut shell/polyacrylonitrile copolymer via Cu(0)-mediated RDRP and its adsorption behavior after modification

Abstract

Peanut shell (PNS) was used to prepare a novel adsorbent to achieve resource recovery of the agricultural residue. The hydroxyl groups of peanut shell were turned into -C(CH 3 ) 2 -Br pendant groups to initiate polymerization of acrylonitrile. Graft copolymer peanut shell/polyacrylonitrile (PNS-g-PAN) was modified by hydroxylamine hydrochloride to transform the cyano groups into amidoxime (AO) groups. The modified copolymer of AO-PNS-g-PAN was used as adsorbent. The maximum adsorption capacity for Hg(II) was 4.45 mmol g -1 . The adsorption process fitted well the Freundlich isotherm model and followed pseudo-second-order model. The modified copolymer demonstrated its potential as an efficient adsorbent to solve the problem of Hg(II) contamination. Graphical abstract The peanut shell (PNS) macroinitiator was obtained by acylation of hydroxyl groups on the cellulose backbone of the peanut shell and initiated by Cu(0)-mediated RDRP of acrylonitrile. PNS-g-PAN was modified by NH 2 OHÁHCl and used to remove heavy metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacity of Hg(II) was 4.45 mmol g -1 .

Recent Developments in the Synthesis of Biomacromolecules and their Conjugates by Single Electron Transfer–Living Radical Polymerization

“…57 A similar approach was also applied to hair keratin fibers 242 and peanut shells. 243 Other ecofriendly adsorbents were also prepared from wheat straw matrix by grafting PAN brushes. 244 This adsorbent, prepared by SET-LRP and a modification process that introduced amidoxime groups onto the surface of wheat straw, exhibited a superior adsorption capacity to Hg(II) and could probably be applied to separate Hg(II) from a multi-ionic aqueous solution.…”

“…Thermoresponsive PNIPAM brushes were also grafted from cellulose nanocrystals and fibers via SET-LRP. − Cellulose produced from cotton fibers was also grafted with n -BMA and PETA via SET-LRP to prepare oil-absorbing materials . A similar approach was also applied to hair keratin fibers and peanut shells . Other eco-friendly adsorbents were also prepared from wheat straw matrix by grafting PAN brushes .…”