Synthesis of Precision Waveforms Using a SINIS Josephson Junction Array

Behr, R.; Williams, Jonathan M. J.; Patel, P.; Janssen, T. J. B. M.; Funck, T.; Klonz, M.

doi:10.1109/tim.2004.843084

Cited by 99 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…3), is based on a kinetic equation similar to Eq. (10) in the metallic regime (Averin, Korotkov, and Likharev, 1991;Beenakker, 1991). As qualitatively discussed previously, in the case of a dot, this equation cannot be formulated directly in terms of the probability distribution pðnÞ of the charge on the dot, but requires the probability pðn; k 1 ; .…”

Section: E Single-electron Tunneling In Semiconductor Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are called programmable since one can digitally select any multiple of f J =K J up to the number of junctions as the output voltage (Hamilton, Burroughs, and Kautz, 1995;Kohlmann et al, 2007). They are practical for dc voltage metrology, but are especially developed for generating digitized ac voltage wave forms up to about 1 kHz, which is an active research topic (Behr et al, 2005). Voltage wave forms at higher frequencies can be generated by pulse-driven Josephson junction arrays where the desired ac wave form is synthesized by the delta-sigma modulation of fast voltage pulses, each having the time integral of one flux quantum h=ð2eÞ (Benz and Hamilton, 1996).…”

Section: Quantum Standards Of Electric Quantities and The Quantummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-electron current sources: Toward a refined definition of the ampere

et al. 2013

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The control of electrons at the level of the elementary charge e was demonstrated experimentally already in the 1980s. Ever since, the production of an electrical current ef, or its integer multiple, at a drive frequency f has been a focus of research for metrological purposes. This review discusses the generic physical phenomena and technical constraints that influence single-electron charge transport and presents a broad variety of proposed realizations. Some of them have already proven experimentally to nearly fulfill the demanding needs, in terms of transfer errors and transfer rate, of quantum metrology of electrical quantities, whereas some others are currently ''just'' wild ideas, still often potentially competitive if technical constraints can be lifted. The important issues of readout of singleelectron events and potential error correction schemes based on them are also discussed. Finally, an account is given of the status of single-electron current sources in the bigger framework of electric quantum standards and of the future international SI system of units, and applications and uses of single-electron devices outside the metrological context are briefly discussed.

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Section: E Single-electron Tunneling In Semiconductor Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Quantum Standards Of Electric Quantities and The Quantummentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-electron current sources: Toward a refined definition of the ampere

et al. 2013

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“…The amplitude and the phase angle are indicated in expression (5). The phase angle is important for power measurement.…”

Section: Staircase Waveformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discussion on new properties of staircase waveform through connection to an infinite series

2015

IET Science, Measurement & Technology

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The staircase waveform produced by digital-to-analogue conversion is applied widely in electricity metrology, based on the known properties. However, a continuous investigation of new properties is still very important for its further applications. An infinite series is presented through analysis of the producing process of the staircase waveform. Based on the model of 'digitalto-analogue converter (DAC) aliasing effect', when the parameters of the series are extended from an integral to a real number, new properties are discussed. The concepts of 'asynchronous sampling ', 'sub-' and 'inter-harmonic' and 'under-Nyquist sampling' are derived into DAC. The more interesting phenomena are detailed. The results of simulations and experiments are reported.

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“…Par conséquent, ces réseaux sont peu adaptés pour effectuer des prestations d'étalonnage courantes telles qu'elles existent dans les laboratoires de métrolo-gie industriels. Il est en outre impossible d'envisager de nouvelles applications comme la génération de tensions alternatives, domaine en plein essor [10].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Conception et applications d’un étalon Josephson programmable de 1 V au LNE

Djordjevic¹,

Seron²,

Monnoye³

et al. 2012

R. franç. métrol.

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RésuméLe LNE a développé récemment un système d'étalonnage de tension continue à partir d'un réseau de jonctions Josephson programmable de 1 V. Ce nouveau système, entièrement automatique, est spécifique-ment dédié aux activités de transfert, i.e. l'étalonnage de références de tension continue (références à diodes Zener et piles Weston) et de voltmètres numériques de grande précision. Il permet d'ores et déjà d'offrir de nouvelles possibilités d'étalonnage avec de meilleures incertitudes, tout en bénéficiant de la simplicité de mise en oeuvre des réseaux Josephson programmables. Ainsi la sortie 1,018 V des références de tension à diode Zener peut être étalonnée avec une incertitude relative typique de 80 nV (k = 2) dans le cadre de prestations courantes (soit une amélioration d'un facteur 7). Cet article décrit la conception de ce nouvel étalon et ses performances métrologiques.

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Synthesis of Precision Waveforms Using a SINIS Josephson Junction Array

Cited by 99 publications

References 13 publications

Single-electron current sources: Toward a refined definition of the ampere

Single-electron current sources: Toward a refined definition of the ampere

Discussion on new properties of staircase waveform through connection to an infinite series

Conception et applications d’un étalon Josephson programmable de 1 V au LNE

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