Synthesis of rigid polyurethane foams from phosphorylated biopolyols

Abstract

Renewable resources are playing a key role on the synthesis of biodegradable polyols. Moreover, the incorporation of covalently linked additives is increasing in importance in the polyurethane (PU) market. In this work, previously epoxidized grape seed oil and methyl oleate were transformed into phosphorylated biopolyols through an acid-catalyzed ring-opening hydrolysis in the presence of HPO. The formation of phosphate polyesters was confirmed by FT-IR and P-NMR. However, the synthesis of a high-quality PU rigid foam was not possible using exclusively these polyols attending to their low hydroxyl value. In that way, different rigid PU foams were prepared from the phosphorylated biopolyols and the commercial polyol Alcupol R4520. It was observed that phosphorylated biopolyols can be incorporated up to a 57 wt.% in the PU synthesis without significant structural changes with respect to the commercial foam. Finally, thermogravimetric and EDAX analyses revealed an improvement of thermal stability by the formation of a protective phosphorocarbonaceous char layer.

Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams with Castor Oil Based Multifunctional Polyols for Improved Compressive Properties

“…The most common sustainable bio-based materials are vegetable oils, polysaccharides, cellulose, lignocellulose, and starch [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Among them, vegetable oils have attracted considerable attention as an alternative to petroleum-based commercial polyols because of their abundance, price competitiveness, low toxicity, inherent bio-degradability, and ease of extraction from bio-renewable resources such as castor [ 17 ], soybean [ 18 ], canola seeds [ 19 ], sunflower [ 20 ], grapeseed [ 21 ], palm [ 22 ], and others [ 23 ]. Vegetable oils consist of a triglyceride structure derived from glycerol and three fatty acids.…”

Novel Cast Polyurethanes Obtained by Using Reactive Phosphorus-Containing Polyol: Synthesis, Thermal Analysis and Combustion Behaviors

“…A five percent mass loss for the REF was recorded at 307.3 °C, as well as for FPU-8.5 at 216.6 °C. It was also related to the lower thermal stability of phosphate groups in FPUs compared to ether groups in REF [ 52 ]. However, with growing temperature, the OP-containing materials were much more resistant to oxidation.…”

“…OP-containing polyurethanes showed, in the air atmosphere, similar to in the inert atmosphere, faster degradation in the initial stage compared to the reference material. A five percent mass loss for the REF was recorded at 307.3 • C, as well as for FPU-8.5 at 216.6 • C. It was also related to the lower thermal stability of phosphate groups in FPUs compared to ether groups in REF [52]. However, with growing temperature, the OP-containing materials were much more resistant to oxidation.…”

It Takes Two to Tango: Synergistic Expandable Graphite–Phosphorus Flame Retardant Combinations in Polyurethane Foams

“…EG and phosphorus compounds are quite commonly proposed as effective single flame retardants in PUFs [61][62][63][64][65]. EG and phosphorus have their own specific flameretardant modes of action and behave differently during burning.…”