Synthesis, physicochemical characterisation and biological activity of anandamide/ɛ‐polycaprolactone nanoparticles obtained by electrospraying

Abstract

Drug encapsulation in nanocarriers such as polymeric nanoparticles (Nps) may help to overcome the limitations associated with cannabinoids. In this study, the authors' work aimed to highlight the use of electrospraying techniques for the development of carrier Nps of anandamide (AEA), an endocannabinoid with attractive pharmacological effects but underestimated due to its unfavourable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties added to its undesirable effects at the level of the central nervous system. The authors characterised physicochemically and evaluated in vitro biological activity of anandamide/ɛ-polycaprolactone nanoparticles (Nps-AEA/PCL) obtained by electrospraying in epithelial cells of the human proximal tubule (HK2), to prove the utility of this method and to validate the biological effect of Nps-AEA/PCL. They obtained particles from 100 to 900 nm of diameter with a predominance of 200-400 nm. Their zeta potential was −20 ± 1.86 mV. They demonstrated the stable encapsulation of AEA in Nps-AEA/PCL, as well as its dose-dependent capacity to induce the expression of iNOS and NO levels and to decrease the Na + /K + ATPase activity in HK2 cells. Obtaining Nps-AEA/PCL by electrospraying would represent a promising methodology for a novel AEA pharmaceutical formulation development with optimal physicochemical properties, physical stability and biological activity on HK2 cells.

Preparation and characterisation of polycaprolactone–fibroin nanofibrous scaffolds containing allicin

“…A hybrid scaffold of polycaprolactone (PCL) polyvinyl alcohol with chitosan has been proposed in tissue engineering and biological implants [ 7 ]. PCL combination with other materials, such as Nigella sativa oil and anandamide, results in leishmaniasis treatment [ 8 , 9 ]. There are many purposes for the PCL.…”

An Intelligent Multi-Sensor Variable Spray System with Chaotic Optimization and Adaptive Fuzzy Control

“…Ruiz-Rodriguez et al [7] studied the influence of the spray angle of the nozzle on the global and local spray characteristics with the help of the fuel injection and fluid dynamics inside the cylinder in attempt to improve the spray oil combustion effect. This is followed by Giménez et al [8] who managed to use electronic spray to control the droplet diameter aiming at the study of biological effects. Berenstein and Edan [9] investigated how the nozzle diameter and nozzle angle position of the fixed-point spraying device may affect the variable nozzles to highly reduce the amount of pesticides applied.…”