Synthesis, structure and mechanical properties of fullerene-like carbon nitride films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering

Liu, D.G.; Tu, J.P.; Gu, Chao; Hong, Chunfu; Chen, R.; Yang, Wubao

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.09.043

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of these CN x thin films showed the presence of sp 3 carbon atoms bonded to nitrogen atoms [70,76]. At the same time, theoretical calculations showed that the incorporation of nitrogen in a graphene network increases the reactivity of the surrounding carbon atoms and it can induce a change in hybridization from sp 2 to sp 3 [70,81].…”

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…At the same time, theoretical calculations showed that the incorporation of nitrogen in a graphene network increases the reactivity of the surrounding carbon atoms and it can induce a change in hybridization from sp 2 to sp 3 [70,81]. These results point to the possible existence in CN x of graphene planes interlocked by covalent bonds, which prevents the sheets from gliding between each other with inter-sheet distances shorter than in graphite [70,76,81].…”

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Theoretical calculations using the semi-empirical Hartree-Fock-based AM1 method [80], whose results were later confirmed by density functional theory calculations [81,82], showed that the presence of nitrogen atoms in the graphene network reduces the energy cost for creating a pentagon defect [70]. It was also shown experimentally and theoretically that the degree of curvature in CN x thin films depends on the nitrogen content [40,44,76,79,83].…”

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This is accompanied by a extremely high elastic recovery [40]. The reason is that regardless of the fact that most of the carbon atoms are incorporated into the sp 2 hybridized graphene-like sheets, the curvature and cross-linking of the graphene fragments combined with the exceptional in-plane strength provided by the directional σ bonds extend the extraordinary strength of the sp 2 network in three dimensions [70,75,76].…”

Section: Fullerene-like Carbon-based Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the remarkable mechanical properties of the FL-CN x thin films are to a great extent a consequence of nitrogen incorporation in the carbon matrix, which can be optimized and controlled using different deposition techniques and by adjusting the deposition parameters [57,75,76,84].…”

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured carbon-based thin films : prediction and design

Goyenola¹

2015

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Carbon-based thin films are a vast group of materials of great technological importance. Thanks to the different bonding options for carbon, a large variety of structures (from amorphous to nanostructured) can be achieved in the process of film synthesis. The structural diversity increases even more if carbon is combined with relatively small quantities of atoms of other elements. This results in a set of materials with many different interesting properties for a wide range of technological applications.This doctoral thesis is about nanostructured carbon-based thin films. In particular, the focus is set on theoretical modeling, prediction of structural features and design of sulfocarbide (CS x ) and carbon fluoride (CF x ) thin films.The theoretical approach follows the synthetic growth concept (SGC) which is based on the density functional theory. The SGC departure point is the fact that the nanostructured films of interest can be modeled as assemblies of low dimensional units (e.g., finite graphene-like model systems), similarly to modeling graphite as stacks of graphene sheets. Moreover, the SGC includes a description of the groups of atoms that act as building blocks (i.e., precursor species) during film deposition, as well as their interaction with the growing film.This thesis consists of two main parts: Prediction: In this work, I show that nanostructured CS x thin films can be expected for sulfur contents up to 20 atomic % with structural characteristics that go from graphite-like to fullerene-like (FL). In the case of CF x thin films, I found that a diversity of structures can be formed depending on the fluorine concentration. Short-range ordered structures, such as FL structure, can be expected for low concentrations (up to 5 atomic %). For increasing fluorine concentration, diamond-like and polymeric structures should predominate. As a special case, I also studied the ternary system CS x F y . The calculations show that CS x F y thin films with nanostructured features should be possible to synthesize at low sulfur and fluorine ([S + F] < 10 at.%) concentrations and the structural characteristics can be described and explained in terms of the binaries CS x and CF x .Design: The carbon-based thin films predicted in this thesis were synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering. My modeling results regarding structure, composition, and analysis of precursor species (availability and role during deposition process) were successfully combined with the experimental techniques in the quest for thin films with desired structural features. They were used as guidance for the depositions and to understand the properties of the resulting thin films. v vi Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattningMaterialvetenskapär ett stort tvärvetenskapligt forskningsfält som handlar om att upptäcka och konstruera nya material såväl som att förbättra befintliga. Allting vi använder i vårt dagliga liv, från kläder till tekniska apparater,är skapat för att tillgodose vissa krav ochär ett resultat av att många människor har invester...

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Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Fullerene-like Carbon-based Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Bit Of Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanostructured carbon-based thin films : prediction and design

Goyenola¹

2015

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Ultra-low friction and excellent elastic recovery of fullerene-like hydrogenated carbon film based on multilayer design

et al. 2017

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Multilayer fullerene-like hydrogenated carbon (FL-C:H) films were synthesized by using the chemical vapour deposition technique with a different flow rate of methane. The typical fullerene-like structure of as-prepared films was investigated by using transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectra. The prepared multilayered FL-C:H films showed a high elastic recovery (∼90%), ultra-low friction coefficient (∼0.019) and low wear rate (∼3.0 × 10 −9 mm 3 Nm −1) in humid air.

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