Synthesis, Structures and Various Biological Applications of New Zn(II) Complexes Having Different Coordination Modes Controlled by the Drug Furosemide in Presence of Bioactive Nitrogen Based Ligands

Abstract

Novel Zn(II) complexes with the general formula: [Zn(furo) 2 (L) n ], n = 1 or 2, (furo = furosemide = (4-chloro-2-(furan-2-ylmethylamino)-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid) were prepared. The complexes [Zn(furo) 2 (MeOH) 2 ] (1; MeOH = methanol), [Zn(furo) 2 (2-ampy) 2 ] (2; 2-ampy = 2-aminopyridine), [Zn(furo) 2 (2-ammepy) 2 ] (3; 2-ammepy = 2-aminomethylpyridine), [Zn(furo) 2 (H 2 O)(2,2-bipy)] (4; 2,2′bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine), [Zn(furo) 2 (H 2 O)(4,4′-bipy)] (5; 4,4′-bipy = 4,4′bipyridine), [Zn(furo) 2 (1,10-phen)] (6; 1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline),[Zn(furo) 2 (2,9-dmp)] (7; 2,9-dmp = 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), and [Zn (furo) 2 (quin) 2 ] (8; quin = quinoline) were synthesized and characterized using different techniques such as IR, UV-Vis, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, LC/MS and others. The crystal structure of complex (4) was determined using singlecrystal X-ray diffraction.The anti-bacterial activity of complexes (1-8) was tested using agar diffusion method against three gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and three gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The obtained results showed different Inhibition Zone Diameters (IZD) with various anti-bacterial activities against the selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the rate of bis-(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate hydrolysis was measured at different temperatures, different pH values and different concentrations. The rates for the eight complexes were in the following order: complex 4 > 2 > 5 > 8 > 7 > 6 > 3 > 1. KEYWORDS anti-bacterial activity, bioactive nitrogen based ligands, bis-(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate, furosemide, zinc(II) complexes

What are the prospects for using complexes of copper(ii) and zinc(ii) to suppress the vital activity ofMycolicibacterium smegmatis?

“…7a). 51 Both saline and dextrose solutions of 3 and 4 show similar absorption intensity decrease within rst 48 hours. Such spectral changes indicate that upon given conditions the complexes are slowly hydrolyzing.…”

“…In order to maintain the cellular metabolism at various concentrations of copper in the environment, bacteria have developed certain systems of copper homeostasis that mainly act as defense mechanisms. 51,52 As with free-living bacteria, protection from copper is of critical importance for the virulence of pathogenic bacteria.…”

Recent Advances of Zinc‐based Antimicrobial Materials

“…While the biocidal efficacy of elemental zinc (free ion) is moderate as compared to other metals such as silver and copper, [5] the synergistic effect of zinc ion with silver ions have been reported [6] . Zinc‐based antimicrobial materials generally consist of zinc complexes [7,8] and ZnO nano‐particles [9,10] . Complexes such as zinc pyrithione (ZPT) and its derivatives are well known antifungal compounds and have been broadly applied in medicines, cosmetics and other industries.…”

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Antimicrobial and Antitumor Studies of Two Zinc(II) Complexes with Pyridine Thiazole Derivatives

“…Because of the particularity of the structures, thiazole ligands containing pyridine and hydrazone groups with multiple coordination sites often have good metal coordination ability which can form stable complexes with different transition metal [ 8 , 9 ]. Besides, the spatial conformation of the complex is determined by its coordinated modes, which have great influence on the biological properties of the compound [ 10 – 12 ]; the studies on transitional metal compounds of pyridine thiazole ligands have been of great significance. Co(III) complexes based on (1,3-selenazol-2-yl)- and (1,3-thiazol-2-yl)hydrazone were reported to have potent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity [ 13 ].…”