Rapid socio-economic and political changes are provoking reforms in the composition of the population and its national identity. Europe is no exception, as it has been affected by decolonisation, which is provoking a global spread of migrants among Europeans in the current environment. Thus, there is a relevant relationship between these categories, which determines the specific features of demographic change in Europe. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of decolonisation in the context of analysing the specific features of the development of the European population. For this purpose, the study employed the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalisation, abstraction, and deduction. As a result, it was found that there is indeed a link between the effectiveness of decolonisation and the current system of population categories in Europe. The significance of the first process and its consequences for the spread of migration flows were investigated. Furthermore, the paper described the current composition of the European Union’s population and its views on the regulation of migration policy. As a result, it was possible to express the essence of decolonisation, including the gaining of independence by dependent states and the resettlement of their representatives to European countries. Therefore, the study determined the quality of this process by analysing the current migration policy of the European Union and ensuring the interests and rights of citizens of former colonies. The findings of this study can be used in future research on this issue, as well as for the development of international relations in the context of increasing the role of migration flows, specifically in Europe
