Systematic evaluation of bromine‐free flame‐retardant systems in acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene

Abstract

A systematic investigation of phosphorus-based flame-retardant (PFR) systems in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) is presented. The effect of various PFRs, combinations thereof and influence of different synergists is studied in terms of fire and mechanical performance, as well as toxicity of resulting ABS.Sustainable flame-retardant systems with a promising effect on the fireretardant properties of ABS are identified: A combination of aluminum diethylphosphinate and ammonium polyphosphate is shown to exhibit superior flame-retardant properties in ABS compared to other studied PFRs and PFR combinations. Among a variety of studied potential synergists for this system, a grade of expandable graphite with a high-initiation temperature and a molybdenum-based smoke suppressant show the most promising effect, leading to a significant reduction of the peak heat release rate as well as the smoke production rate. Compared to current state-of-the-art brominated flameretardant for ABS, the identified flame-retardant systems reduce the maximum smoke production rate by 70% and the peak heat release rate by 40%. However, a significant reduction of the impact performance of the resulting ABS is identified, which requires further investigation.

The potential use of natural expanded perlite as a flame retardant additive for acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene based composites

“…11,38 Therefore, different types of halogen-free flame retardants are mostly preferred for ABS matrix such as intumescent flame retardants, silicon compounds, nitrogen and phosphorus containing compounds, boron compounds, minerals and metallic hydroxides. [39][40][41][42] Also, creating synergism by combining these flame retardants together in various combinations is a useful technique to further increase the flammability of ABS. 43 The main purpose of this study is to reveal the flame retardant effect of environmentally friendly and halogenfree EP minerals on ABS matrix.…”

“…However, their use has been restricted due to their negative effects on human health and the environment 11,38 . Therefore, different types of halogen‐free flame retardants are mostly preferred for ABS matrix such as intumescent flame retardants, silicon compounds, nitrogen and phosphorus containing compounds, boron compounds, minerals and metallic hydroxides 39–42 . Also, creating synergism by combining these flame retardants together in various combinations is a useful technique to further increase the flammability of ABS 43 …”