Systemic hemodynamics during orthostasis in multiple system atrophy

Goldstein, David S.; Sims-O'Neil, Cathy

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.02.009

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…Hence, the decrease of TPR requires an additional explanation. One was that the TPR calculations might be incorrect (68), which would however not explain why there were differences between MSA and PAF (64,66), even when both groups had similar BP falls (64). Another explanation is that there are additional vasodilatory influences that only become active while standing.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Coh/nohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope

Dijk

Rossum

Thijs

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Syncope usually lasts less than a minute, in which short time arterial blood pressure temporarily falls enough to decrease brain perfusion so much that loss of consciousness ensues. Blood pressure decreases quickest when the heart suddenly stops pumping, which happens in arrhythmia and in severe cardioinhibitory reflex syncope. Loss of consciousness starts about 8 s after the last heart beat and circulatory standstill occurs after 10-15 s. A much slower blood pressure decrease can occur in syncope due to orthostatic hypotension Standing blood pressure can then stabilize at low values often causing more subtle signs (i.e., inability to act) but often not low enough to cause loss of consciousness. Cerebral autoregulation attempts to keep cerebral blood flow constant when blood pressure decreases. In reflex syncope both the quick blood pressure decrease and its low absolute value mean that cerebral autoregulation cannot prevent syncope. It has more protective value in orthostatic hypotension. Neurological signs are related to the severity and timing of cerebral hypoperfusion. Several unanswered pathophysiological questions with possible clinical implications are identified.

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Coh/nohmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope

Dijk

Rossum

Thijs

2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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A case showing how hyperventilation may decrease blood pressure in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension

et al. 2023

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Pleiotropic neuropathological and biochemical alterations associated with Myo5a mutation in a rat Model

et al. 2018

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In this study, we analyze the neuropathological and biochemical alterations involved in the pathogenesis of a neurodegenerative/movement disorder during different developmental stages in juvenile rats with a mutant Myosin5a (Myo5a). In mutant rats, a spontaneous autosomal recessive mutation characterized by the absence of Myo5a protein expression in the brain is associated with a syndrome of locomotor dysfunction, altered coat color, and neuroendocrine abnormalities. Myo5a encodes a myosin motor protein required for transport and proper distribution of subcellular organelles in somatodendritic processes in neurons. Here we report marked hyperphosphorylation of alpha-synuclein and tau, as well as region-specific buildup of the autotoxic dopamine metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-acetaldehyde (DOPAL), related to decreased aldehyde dehydrogenases activity and neurodegeneration in mutant rats. Alpha-synuclein accumulation in mitochondria of dopaminergic neurons is associated with impaired enzymatic respiratory complex I and IV activity. The behavioral and biochemical lesions progress after 15 days postnatal, and by 30-40 days the animals must be euthanized because of neurological impairment. Based on the obtained results, we propose a pleiotropic pathogenesis that links the Myo5a gene mutation to deficient neuronal development and progressive neurodegeneration. This potential model of a neurodevelopmental disorder with neurodegeneration and motor deficits may provide further insight into molecular motors and their associated proteins responsible for altered neurogenesis and neuronal disease pathogenesis.

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Systemic hemodynamics during orthostasis in multiple system atrophy

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope

Timing of Circulatory and Neurological Events in Syncope

A case showing how hyperventilation may decrease blood pressure in neurogenic orthostatic hypotension

Pleiotropic neuropathological and biochemical alterations associated with Myo5a mutation in a rat Model

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