1996
DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/89.11.831
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Systemic immune activation as a potential determinant of wasting in Zambians with HIV-related diarrhoea

Abstract: Wasting in African AIDS patients is severe, and its aetiology is probably multifactorial: persistent diarrhoea, poverty and tuberculosis may all contribute. We report a cross-sectional study of body composition measured anthropometrically in 75 adult patients with HIV-related persistent diarrhoea in Lusaka, and its relationship to gastrointestinal infection and systemic immune activation assessed using serum neopterin and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor (sTNF-R55) concentrations. Patients as a group we… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…In this study the prevalence of malnutrition in HIV/AIDS clients who attend chronic care was 25.5%. The prevalence was much lower than a study done in India (72%) [17], Malawi (57%) [18] But is higher than a study done in Boston (18%) [19], SSA (10.3%) [20], Lusaka Zambia (15.8%) [21], and in Addis Ababa 18% [22]. The difference may be due to residence, socio culture, economic and/or year of study.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 57%
“…In this study the prevalence of malnutrition in HIV/AIDS clients who attend chronic care was 25.5%. The prevalence was much lower than a study done in India (72%) [17], Malawi (57%) [18] But is higher than a study done in Boston (18%) [19], SSA (10.3%) [20], Lusaka Zambia (15.8%) [21], and in Addis Ababa 18% [22]. The difference may be due to residence, socio culture, economic and/or year of study.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 57%
“…Thus, immune activation even if only moderate might be another factor contributing to the development of insulin resistance possibly via the concomitant regulation of TNF-a. In contrast to this, investigations of individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus show an inverse correlation of soluble TNF-a receptors and neopterin concentrations with BMI [18,19]. In this case, an anorectic effect of TNF-a, associated with cachexia has to be assumed, which might be due to higher levels of TNF-a in combination with other cytokines than in case of individuals suffering from obesity and insulin resistance [20].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Six distal duodenal biopsy specimens were taken at random from the third part of the duodenum during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy under sedation. Nutritional assessment, as described in a previous report,27 involved measurement of weight, height, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), and three skinfold thicknesses (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac) which were then added to obtain the total skinfold thickness (SFT). Skinfold thickness was measured using Holtain calipers.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%