Systemic vasoconstriction modulates the responses of pulmonary vasculature and airway to vasoconstrictors in anesthetized rats

Wang, Mofei; Shibamoto, Toshishige; Kuda, Yuhichi; Tanida, Mamoru; Kurata, Yasutaka

doi:10.3109/01902148.2015.1032448

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our previous findings that the plasma concentrations of vasoconstrictive hormones such as norepinephrine, vasopressin and angiotensin II were substantially increased after antigen injection strongly support this possibility [ 7 , 19 ]. Obviously, systemic vasoconstrictive mediators such as thromboxane A 2 [ 20 ] and leukotriene C 4 [ 21 ] were also released systemically from mast cells and basophils [ 15 , 22 ]. 2) The responsiveness of the femoral arteries might be reduced to norepinephrine released from the sympathetic nerve endings during anaphylaxis in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Lumbar Sympathetic Nerves in Regulation of Blood Flow to Skeletal Muscle during Anaphylactic Hypotension in Anesthetized Rats

et al. 2016

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During hypovolemic shock, skeletal muscle blood flow could be redistributed to vital organs via vasoconstriction in part evoked by activation of the innervating sympathetic nerve activity. However, it is not well known whether this mechanism operates during anaphylactic shock. We determined the femoral artery blood flow (FBF) and lumbar sympathetic nerve activity (LSNA) mainly regulating the hindquater muscle blood flow during anaphylactic hypotension in anesthetized rats. Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to the following groups (n = 7/group): (1) non-sensitized, (2) anaphylaxis, (3) anaphylaxis-lumbar sympathectomy (LS) and (4) anaphylaxis-sinoaortic denervation (SAD) groups. Anaphylaxis was induced by an intravenous injection of the ovalbumin antigen to the sensitized rats. The systemic arterial pressure (SAP), heart rate (HR), central venous pressure (CVP), FBF and LSNA were continuously measured. In the anaphylaxis group, LSNA and HR increased, while SAP and FBF decreased after antigen injection. In the anaphylaxis-SAD group, LSNA did not significantly change during the early phase, but the responses of SAP and FBF were similar to those in the anaphylaxis group. In the anaphylaxis-LS group, both FBF and SAP decreased similarly to the anaphylaxis group during anaphylactic hypotension. These results indicated that LSNA increased via baroreceptor reflex, but this sympathoexcitation or LS did not affect antigen-induced decreases in FBF or SAP. Lumbar sympathetic nerves are not involved in regulation of the blood flow to the hindlimb or systemic blood pressure during anaphylactic hypotension in anesthetized rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Lumbar Sympathetic Nerves in Regulation of Blood Flow to Skeletal Muscle during Anaphylactic Hypotension in Anesthetized Rats

et al. 2016

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“…13,16) Actually in in vivo rats, thromboxane analogue, U46619, causes substantially both pulmonary vasoconstriction and bronchoconstriction. 10) We here reinforced this conception in in vivo rats by showing that the PAF-induced increases in PVR and AWP were abolished by pretreatment with the thromboxane receptor antagonist SQ 29548.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

The Responses of Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation and Airway to Allergic Mediators in Anesthetized Rats

Wang

Shibamoto

Kuda

et al. 2016

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Lung allergic diseases sometimes accompany pulmonary vaso-and broncho-constriction. Rats are currently used for the experimental study of lung allergies. However, their hemodynamic mechanisms are not fully understood. Therefore the effects of allergic mediators were determined systematically in vivo in rats in terms of pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), airway pressure (AWP) and total peripheral resistance (TPR). We directly measured pulmonary arterial pressure, left atrial pressure, systemic arterial pressure, central venous pressure and aortic blood flow to determine PVR and TPR, as well as AWP, following injections of platelet-activating factor (PAF), histamine, serotonin, leukotriene (LT) C 4 , and prostaglandin (PG) D 2 in anesthetized open-chest artificially ventilated Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. PVR was dose-dependently increased by consecutive administration of PAF, LTC 4 , and PGD 2 , with the maximal responsiveness being PAF>LTC 4 >PGD 2 . However, neither histamine nor serotonin changed PVR. TPR was decreased by all agents except LTC 4 which actually increased it. PAF and serotonin, but not the other agents, increased AWP. In conclusion, allergic mediators exert non-uniform actions on pulmonary and systemic circulation and airways in anesthetized SD rats: PAF, LTC 4 and PGD 2 , but not histamine or serotonin, caused substantial pulmonary vasoconstriction; LTC 4 yielded systemic vasoconstriction, while the others caused systemic vasodilatation; only two mediators, PAF and serotonin, induce airway constriction.Key words peripheral resistance; pulmonary arterial pressure; anaphylaxis; left atrial pressure; vasodilation; pulmonary vasoconstriction Rats are currently used for investigations on pulmonary allergic diseases.1-4) However, the studies on physiological characteristics of the rat pulmonary circulation were limited. The rat pulmonary vascular responses to various endogenous allergic mediators were previously examined in isolated perfused lungs [5][6][7] : platelet-activating factor (PAF) and leukotriene (LT) C 4 cause substantial vasoconstriction. In rat isolated pulmonary arteries, 8,9) serotonin showed strong constriction. However, there is no systematic study in which the effects of allergic mediators on the rat pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were determined by measuring cardiac output (CO) and the inflow and outflow pressures of the systemic and pulmonary circulations. Therefore, we measured directly and continuously CO, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and left atrial pressure (LAP), along with systemic arterial pressure (SAP) and central venous pressure (CVP), in order to determine the responses of PVR and TPR to allergic mediators including PAF, histamine, serotonin, LTC 4 , and prostaglandin (PG) D 2 in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Airway pressure (AWP) was also measured to determine whether the allergic mediators cause bronchoconstriction. We hypothesized that these mediators do not exert the same directional actions on pulmonary and s...

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“…The respiratory rate should be controlled to maintain a partial pressure of CO 2 of 30-35 mmHg [38]. pressure [43][44][45][46]. Indeed, low-dose vasopressin (0.04 U/min) and dobutamine (2-5 mg/kg/min) restore coronary blood flow to the RV by increasing SVR [3,47].…”

Section: Perioperative Anesthetic Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative anesthetic considerations in patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing non-cardiac and non-obstetric surgeries

Seo

Kim

2019

Med Biol Sci Eng

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The management of pulmonary hypertension (PH), one of the most important perioperative risk factors, is innately challenging to anesthesiologists owing to its life-threatening consequences. The number of patients with PH has increased because of the development of more effective treatment and advanced hemodynamic monitoring, which consequently result in a longer life-expectancy. By understanding the associated risk factors, utilizing therapies based on PH classification, and performing careful perioperative anesthetic planning and management, we can safely perform elective surgeries or procedures on these patients. In particular, the perioperative management of patients with PH requires a multidisciplinary approach, which is aimed at carefully optimizing hemodynamics, minimizing risk factors, and aggressively treating complications. This review provides an evidence-based overview of the definition and classification of and treatments for PH, while also focusing on the perioperative management and treatment of patients with PH in non-cardiac and non-obstetric settings.

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Systemic vasoconstriction modulates the responses of pulmonary vasculature and airway to vasoconstrictors in anesthetized rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

The Role of Lumbar Sympathetic Nerves in Regulation of Blood Flow to Skeletal Muscle during Anaphylactic Hypotension in Anesthetized Rats

The Role of Lumbar Sympathetic Nerves in Regulation of Blood Flow to Skeletal Muscle during Anaphylactic Hypotension in Anesthetized Rats

The Responses of Pulmonary and Systemic Circulation and Airway to Allergic Mediators in Anesthetized Rats

Perioperative anesthetic considerations in patients with pulmonary hypertension undergoing non-cardiac and non-obstetric surgeries

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