T-Slot Antennas-Embedded ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network System for IoT-Enabled Monitoring and Control Systems

Romputtal, Adisak; Phongcharoenpanich, Chuwong

doi:10.1109/jiot.2023.3284005

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…Currently, equipment for acquiring crop and plant information, monitoring environmental information, and tracking animal behavior plays a pivotal role in the SA system. The vital data required for crop monitoring is gathered using various Zigbee sensors in battery self-powered mode, forming a wireless sensor network [102]- [104]. Given the substantial number of Zigbee nodes required in production, establishing a robust network topology is essential to facilitate fast communication between network nodes [105].…”

Section: A Short-range Protocols 1) Zigbeementioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey

Mowla,

Shah

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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The increasing food scarcity necessitates sustainable agriculture achieved through automation to meet the growing demand. Integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is crucial in enhancing food production across various agricultural domains, encompassing irrigation, soil moisture monitoring, fertilizer optimization and control, early-stage pest and crop disease management, and energy conservation. Wireless application protocols such as ZigBee, WiFi, SigFox, and LoRaWAN are commonly employed to collect real-time data for monitoring purposes. Embracing advanced technology is imperative to ensure efficient annual production. Therefore, this study emphasizes a comprehensive, futureoriented approach, delving into IoT-WSNs, wireless network protocols, and their applications in agriculture since 2019. It thoroughly discusses the overview of IoT and WSNs, encompassing their architectures and summarization of network protocols. Furthermore, the study addresses recent issues and challenges related to IoT-WSNs and proposes mitigation strategies. It provides clear recommendations for the future, emphasizing the integration of advanced technology aiming to contribute to the future development of smart agriculture systems. INDEX TERMSInternet of things, wireless sensor networks, wireless network protocols, smart agriculture applications.

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Section: A Short-range Protocols 1) Zigbeementioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey

Mowla,

Shah

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Advance comprehensive analysis for Zigbee network-based IoT system security

Kumar,

Yadav,

Yadav

2024

Discov Computing

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Zigbee is a wireless network technology that operates on a community-based infrastructure. The primary objective of this system is to allow for the effective and inexpensive transmission of information across intelligent devices, focusing on minimizing latency and addressing potential challenges. The prominence of security risks related to the Zigbee community has escalated due to the expanded implementation of Zigbee technology. The Zigbee community has implemented measures to mitigate network disruptions, prevent unauthorized access, and protect against the interception of statistical data. A plethora of encryption algorithms have been developed. The encryption technologies employed encompass a 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to encrypt data during transfer. Cryptographically safe protocols (CSPs) are implemented to ensure safe connections and authentication. This research introduces an innovative methodology for assessing the security of Zigbee community-based Internet of Things (IoT) systems. This article thoroughly examines the security concerns associated with Zigbee technology. Adopting intelligent design concepts in the construction of IoT devices facilitates the implementation of robust security measures and reliable detection systems to mitigate potential assaults. The system can implement access control mechanisms based on authentication, guaranteeing the secure management of devices, networks, and protocols and facilitating the secure installation of software updates.

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Design and Implementation of Active Antennas for IoT-Based Healthcare Monitoring System

Musa,

Shah,

Majid

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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This work presents the design and implementation of active antennas as a part of a healthcare monitoring system that is based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The monitoring system comprises a SEN11547 pulse sensor and an LM35 temperature sensor for measuring heart rate in Beats Per Minute (BPM) and body temperature in Degree Celsius (°C). This data is then sent to the ThingSpeak IoT platform, which necessitates the integration with the NodeMCU ESP-32S Wi-Fi module to ensure the availability of data. Two dual-band (2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz) microstrip patch antennas, one with a PIN diode and one without, are fabricated using Rogers Duroid RO3003™ substrate. Both antennas have dimensions of 41 × 44 mm². In order to achieve a dual-band operation at 2.4 GHz, a slot in the shape of an inverted letter U is introduced, to the existing patch which generates a 5.8 GHz frequency band. By controlling the PIN diode's ON and OFF state, the active antenna can switch between a single band of 5.8 GHz and a dual-band of 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz. At both frequencies, the measured radiation patterns exhibit bidirectional and directional characteristics in the E-plane, whereas an omnidirectional pattern can be observed in the H-plane. In terms of nonlinear characteristics of the antenna, the third-order intermodulation distortion products (IMD3) frequencies are generated within an input power range of 0 to 20 dBm from the two-tone nonlinear measurements. Specifically, the IMD3 at 2.4 GHz is measured at -36.18 dBm and -47.19 dBm at 5.8 GHz. Additionally, the measurement showed that the 1-dB gain compression point (P1-dB) was not detected at 2.4 GHz, indicating linear behavior within the RF input power range. However, at 5.8 GHz, the P1-dB was observed at an RF input power level of 13.8 dBm, suggesting linear functionality up to this power level. The experimental data are obtained from ten participants with ages ranging between 18 and 40 years old for 10-minutes duration with a 1-minute step size which implies 10 samples. For comparison and validation, the measurements are compared with the commercially available Laird Connectivity 2.4GHz/5.8GHz dipole antenna. It can be observed that the heart rate ranges from 85 BPM to 92 BPM for the active antenna whereas for the reference antenna, the values range from 84 to 90 BPM, which implies a good agreement. On the other hand, the body temperature ranges from 29 to 37°C for the active antenna and from 30 to 36°C for the reference antenna, which infers a good agreement as well. Therefore, it is shown that the proposed dual-band active antennas in this work can be effectively integrated into the IoT-based healthcare monitoring system.INDEX TERMS IoT platform, healthcare monitoring, patch antenna, PIN diode, vital sign, sensor

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T-Slot Antennas-Embedded ZigBee Wireless Sensor Network System for IoT-Enabled Monitoring and Control Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey

Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey

Advance comprehensive analysis for Zigbee network-based IoT system security

Design and Implementation of Active Antennas for IoT-Based Healthcare Monitoring System

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