Tackling the Global NCD Crisis: Innovations in Law and Governance

Thomas, Bryan; Gostin, Lawrence O.

doi:10.1111/jlme.12002

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, policy approaches within LICs depend upon a functioning governance system (Thomas and Gostin, ), which requires the necessary administrative resources and authority to implement health policies and regulations. LICs often lack these basic capacities, making it difficult for them to meet basic public health needs (Mok, , pp.…”

Section: Improving Affordabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Access to Medicines in Low‐Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms

Bors¹,

Christie²,

Gervais

et al. 2015

World Intellectual Property

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Individuals in low‐income countries (“LICs”) often lack access to appropriate medicines. The multi‐disciplinary nature of this problem requires a holistic approach. Whereas, other writings on the topic tend to focus on one or a small number of issues, often from the perspective of a single discipline, this paper seeks to consider the major issues from a multi‐disciplinary perspective. It first considers mechanisms for improving the availability of medicines in LICs, through grants, prizes, treaties, advance market commitments, priority review and product development partnerships to incentivize and fund R&D for neglected diseases. The paper then assesses mechanisms for improving affordability of medicines in LICs, such as differential pricing mechanisms, monopsonies, patent law flexibilities and human rights obligations. Next, the paper reviews mechanisms for improving the efficacy of medicines in LICs, including authentication, criminalization, international and national enforcement and communication and education. Finally, the paper examines mechanisms for improving the obtainability of medicines in LICs, through low‐cost intervention, task‐shifting, efficient regulation, grass‐roots service provision and education. The paper concludes by identifying areas warranting further research.

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Section: Improving Affordabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Access to Medicines in Low‐Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms

Bors¹,

Christie²,

Gervais

et al. 2015

World Intellectual Property

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“…In order to accelerate the implementation of policies that improve the healthiness of food environments, a broader set of indicators adapted to the Mexican and Latin‐American context, focusing on public and private sector policies, was needed . The aim of this paper was to evaluate the current efforts of the Mexican Government towards creating healthier food environments, using the Food‐EPI tool and process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The INFORMAS healthy food environment policy index (Food‐EPI) in Mexico: An assessment of implementation gaps and priority recommendations

et al. 2019

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Summary Mexico is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of obesity and recently declared a national epidemic of diabetes. Healthy food environments have the potential to improve the diet of the population and decrease the burden of disease. The aim of the study was to assess the efforts of the Mexican Government towards creating healthier food environments using the Healthy Food Environment Policy Index (Food‐EPI). The tool was developed by the International Network for Food and Obesity/Non‐communicable Diseases Research, Monitoring and Action Support (INFORMAS). Then, it was adapted to the Latin‐American context and assessed the components of policy and infrastructure support. Actors from academia, civil society, government, and food industry assessed the level of implementation of food policies compared with international best practices. Actors were classified as (1) independents from academia and civil society (n = 36), (2) government (n = 28), and (3) industry (n = 6). The indicators with the highest percentage of implementation were those related to monitoring and intelligence. Those related to food retail were rated lowest. When stratified by type of actor, the government officials rated several indicators at a higher percentage of implementation compared with independent actors. None of the indicators were rated at high implementation. Government officials and independent actors agreed upon nine priority actions to improve the food environment in Mexico. These actions have the potential to improve government commitment and advocacy efforts to create healthier food environments.

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“…The global economic burden of diet‐ and lifestyle‐related chronic diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases is estimated at $47 trillion from 2010 to 2030 (75% of global GDP in 2010, U.S. $63 trillion) while causing 60% of deaths globally; 80% of these deaths currently occur in low‐ and middle‐income countries, and this percentage is expected to increase rapidly . It has been suggested that this incredible economic and health burden of obesity and NCDs is the unexpected but natural outcome of ignoring nutrition and health in the many sectors of industrial innovation that shape lifestyle and environment, ranging from agriculture and food to transportation, housing, and communication technologies . The impact of rising obesity, for instance, on health care has been clearly demonstrated, and it is still increasing …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent innovation for sustainable economic growth and affordable universal health care: innovating the way we innovate

Dubé

Jha

Faber

et al. 2014

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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This paper introduces convergent innovation (CI) as a form of meta-innovation-an innovation in the way we innovate. CI integrates human and economic development outcomes, through behavioral and ecosystem transformation at scale, for sustainable prosperity and affordable universal health care within a whole-of-society paradigm. To this end, CI combines technological and social innovation (including organizational, social process, financial, and institutional), with a special focus on the most underserved populations. CI takes a modular approach that convenes around roadmaps for real world change-a portfolio of loosely coupled complementary partners from the business community, civil society, and the public sector. Roadmaps serve as collaborative platforms for focused, achievable, and time-bound projects to provide scalable, sustainable, and resilient solutions to complex challenges, with benefits both to participating partners and to society. In this paper, we first briefly review the literature on technological innovation that sets the foundations of CI and motivates its feasibility. We then describe CI, its building blocks, and enabling conditions for deployment and scaling up, illustrating its operational forms through examples of existing CI-sensitive innovation.

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Tackling the Global NCD Crisis: Innovations in Law and Governance

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Improving Access to Medicines in Low‐Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms

Improving Access to Medicines in Low‐Income Countries: A Review of Mechanisms

The INFORMAS healthy food environment policy index (Food‐EPI) in Mexico: An assessment of implementation gaps and priority recommendations

Convergent innovation for sustainable economic growth and affordable universal health care: innovating the way we innovate

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