Taenia tapeworms: their biology, evolution and socioeconomic significance

Hoberg, Eric P.

doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(02)01606-4

Cited by 124 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…..no explicit methodology is used to reach the conclusion that a taxon merits recognition as a distinct species, and there is no indication of how observed differences relate to an underlying concept of what species are.'' Species-decisions among Taenia, provide a clear example of the current challenges [4].…”

Section: Origins Of Taenia In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial studies were based on comparative morphology, epidemiology and elucidation of the life cycle for what was designated as ''Taiwan'' or ''Asian'' Taenia, a taxon of uncertain affinities that was not formally named in these early reports; also tentatively referred to as T. saginata taiwanensis [53], Recognizing the unique biology for this taeniid (circulating in pig intermediate hosts with cysticerci in the liver and visceral organs), distinct structural characters relative to T. saginata and a broader distribution in Asia led Eom and Rim [22] to formally name, describe and provide a differential diagnosis for T. asiatica. Over the past 15 years, controversy has attended decisions about the status and validity of T. asiatica as an independent species (see reviews [4,26,41]). …”

Section: Taenia Asiatica a Valid Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In terms of ontogeny, life-history and ecology, species of Taenia have received considerable attention and are the best understood of any of the eucestodes. Contemporary studies of this group, however, are driven by substantial challenges for public health, food safety, human and animal health, and globally by the consequences of economic impacts that dampen socioeconomic development [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of accurate limits for species, our understanding of disease-processes is confounded by erroneous ''knowledge'' for parasite life history, behavior and distribution [4]. Such is exemplified by the controversy about the status of certain species of Taenia in humans (T. saginata and T. asiatica).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

Hoberg¹

2006

Parasitology International

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128

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Phylogeny is fundamental as it constrains explanations about history and forms our foundation for recognizing and diagnosing species. In the absence of such a framework taxonomists historically relied on intuitive processes, personal judgment and authority, often embracing a typological view of species that disregarded otherwise unequivocal historical and biological criteria. Species of Taenia are among the most characteristic tapeworms infecting carnivores and humans as definitive hosts and indeed Taeniidae is unique among the Eucestoda in requiring 2 obligate mammalian hosts for transmission; a high percentage (> 80%) of life cycles have been completely elucidated among the approximately 45 species and nominal subspecies of Taenia. Until recently there had been no comprehensive attempts at reconstruction of a phylogeny among these important parasites. Such analyses have allowed us to explore the origins and evolution of those independent species of Taenia that occur in humans (T. saginata, T. asiatica, and T. solium) and to understand the ecological and historical processes serving as determinants of biogeography and hostassociation. These studies supported the status of T. asiatica as a valid species and diagnosed a relationship as the sister-species of T. saginata. These conclusions contrasted with a diversity of opinions that would subsume T. asiatica as a subspecies. Recognition of a species constitutes a specific and testable hypothesis, is not an arbitrary decision and is most appropriately assessed in the context of phylogenetic or historical data. Considering macrospecies, a process has been outlined by Brooks and McLennan [Brooks DR, McLennan DA. The nature of diversity: an evolutionary voyage of discovery. University of Chicago Press: Chicago; 2002] as follows: (1) Discovery: a systematist describes the species; (2) Phylogenetic reconstruction; (3) Evaluation I: do sister-species show geographical overlap-are they sympatric or allopatric (use phylogeny + geographical distributions)? (4) Evaluation II: are sister-species reproductively isolated based on information from natural history, ecology and reproductive biology? Species may be viewed in the context of microevolutionary and macroevolutionary processes. For instance, microspecies are defined in ecological time and involve populations and contemporary process that are potentially reversible (reticulate). In contrast, macrospecies as exemplified by T. saginata and T. asiatica are divergent lineages resulting from processes in evolutionary time where an ancestor has undergone a permanent split that is non-reversible (non-reticulate). Applying these criteria in evaluation of T. saginata and T. asiatica, it becomes clear that in evolutionary time these represent historical lineages with independent spatial and temporal trajectories, having separated from a common ancestor near 0.78 to 1.71 MYBP in Africa, or Eurasia. In ecological time, sympatry, reproductive isolation, and differences in life history evident for T. saginata and T. asiatica a...

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Section: Origins Of Taenia In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Taenia Asiatica a Valid Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

Hoberg¹

2006

Parasitology International

Self Cite

128

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“…solium is an ancient parasite that still threatens public health and porcine husbandry in Latin America, Africa and Asia, and is re-emerging in developed countries on account of the massive human migrations of modern times (Hoberg, 2002;DeGiorgio et al, 2005;Sorvillo et al, 2011). Cysticercosis results from the ingestion of the T. solium eggs by intermediate hosts (humans and pigs, principally), to then hatch in the intestines liberating motile oncospheres that penetrate the circulation and distribute in the organism.…”

Section: Experimental T Solium Taeniosis/cysticercosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Sex Steroids in the Host-Parasite Interaction

Nava-Castro¹,

Hernández-Bello²,

Muñiz-Hernández³

et al. 2012

Sex Steroids

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Fitness impacts of tapeworm parasitism on wild gelada monkeys at Guassa, Ethiopia

Nguyen

Fashing

Boyd

et al. 2015

American J Primatol

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Parasitism is expected to impact host morbidity or mortality, although the fitness costs of parasitism have rarely been quantified for wildlife hosts. Tapeworms in the genus Taenia exploit a variety of vertebrates, including livestock, humans, and geladas (Theropithecus gelada), monkeys endemic to the alpine grasslands of Ethiopia. Despite Taenia's adverse societal and economic impacts, we know little about the prevalence of disease associated with Taenia infection in wildlife or the impacts of this disease on host health, mortality and reproduction. We monitored geladas at Guassa, Ethiopia over a continuous 6½ year period for external evidence (cysts or coenuri) of Taenia-associated disease (coenurosis) and evaluated the impact of coenurosis on host survival and reproduction. We also identified (through genetic and histological analyses) the tapeworms causing coenurosis in wild geladas at Guassa as Taenia serialis. Nearly 1/3 of adult geladas at Guassa possessed ≥1 coenurus at some point in the study. Coenurosis adversely impacted gelada survival and reproduction at Guassa and this impact spanned two generations: adults with coenuri suffered higher mortality than members of their sex without coenuri and offspring of females with coenuri also suffered higher mortality. Coenurosis also negatively affected adult reproduction, lengthening interbirth intervals and reducing the likelihood that males successfully assumed reproductive control over units of females. Our study provides the first empirical evidence that coenurosis increases mortality and reduces fertility in wild nonhuman primate hosts. Our research highlights the value of longitudinal monitoring of individually recognized animals in natural populations for advancing knowledge of parasite-host evolutionary dynamics and offering clues to the etiology and control of infectious disease.

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Taenia tapeworms: their biology, evolution and socioeconomic significance

Cited by 124 publications

References 35 publications

Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

The Role of Sex Steroids in the Host-Parasite Interaction

Fitness impacts of tapeworm parasitism on wild gelada monkeys at Guassa, Ethiopia

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Taenia tapeworms: their biology, evolution and socioeconomic significance

Cited by 124 publications

References 35 publications

Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

Phylogeny of Taenia: Species definitions and origins of human parasites

The Role of Sex Steroids in the Host-Parasite Interaction

­Fitness impacts of tapeworm parasitism on wild gelada monkeys at Guassa, Ethiopia

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Product

Resources

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Fitness impacts of tapeworm parasitism on wild gelada monkeys at Guassa, Ethiopia