Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere

Abrahão, Jônatas Santos; Silva, Lorena; Silva, Ludmila Santos; Khalil, Jacques Bou; Rodrigues, Rodrigo Araújo Lima; Arantes, Thalita Souza; Assis, Felipe Lopes de; Boratto, Paulo Victor de Miranda; Andrade, Miguel de Souza; Kroon, Erna Geessien; Ribeiro, Bergmann Morais; Bergier, Ivan; Seligmann, Hervé; Ghigo, Éric; Colson, Philippe; Levasseur, Anthony; Kroemer, Guido; Raoult, Didier; Scola, Bernard La

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03168-1

Cited by 241 publications

(374 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The cell cytoskeleton is known to participate in viral infection in vaccinia virus . As reported previously and quantitated by our IFC analysis, cells infected with Mimivirus show a cytopathic effect, undergoing dramatic morphological changes likely to involve cytoskeleton rearrangements. To determine whether Mimivirus induces cell cytoskeleton alterations, we first monitored the structures of actin and tubulin fibers during infection.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…2E, purple line) do not increase SSC intensity. The accumulation of virions (4,(8)(9)(10)(11) and the rounding of infected cells (32)(33)(34) are established from previous studies using lowthroughput microscopy methods. IFC showed that newly formed virions began to accumulate in the cell around 8 h PI and continued steadily until the end of the infection cycle, but changes in cell morphology occurred earlier, reaching the maximum at 8 h PI.…”

Section: Collection and Analysis Of Kinetic Data On Mimivirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry

et al. 2019

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Due to the heterogeneity of viruses and their hosts, a comprehensive view of viral infection is best achieved by analyzing large populations of infected cells. However, information regarding variation in infected cell populations is lost in bulk measurements. Motivated by an interest in the temporal progression of events in virally infected cells, we used image flow cytometry (IFC) to monitor changes in Acanthamoeba polyphaga cells infected with Mimivirus . This first use of IFC to study viral infection required the development of methods to preserve morphological features of adherent amoeba cells prior to detachment and analysis in suspension. It also required the identification of IFC parameters that best report on key events in the Mimivirus infection cycle. The optimized IFC protocol enabled the simultaneous monitoring of diverse processes including generation of viral factories, transport, and fusion of replication centers within the cell, accumulation of viral progeny, and changes in cell morphology for tens of thousands of cells. After obtaining the time windows for these processes, we used IFC to evaluate the effects of perturbations such as oxidative stress and cytoskeletal disruptors on viral infection. Accurate dose‐response curves could be generated, and we found that mild oxidative stress delayed multiple stages of virus production, but eventually infection processes occurred with approximately the same amplitudes. We also found that functional actin cytoskeleton is required for fusion of viral replication centers and later for the production of viral progeny. Through this report, we demonstrate that IFC offers a quantitative, high‐throughput, and highly robust approach to study viral infection cycles and virus–host interactions. © The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Collection and Analysis Of Kinetic Data On Mimivirus Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry

et al. 2019

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“…The hypothesis that Megavirales originated from cells is strengthened by analyses of gene contents of some giant viruses whose genomes code for most translation‐associated proteins and even rRNA pieces of probable eukaryotic and mitochondrial origins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant viruses: spore‐like missing links between Rickettsia and mitochondria?

Seligmann

2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Phyloproteomics indicate common viral origin from ancient cells before archaea, bacteria, and eukaryota split and subsequent size and complexity reductions occurred. Further independent evidence for the cellular origin of viruses is reviewed for the virus order Megavirales, focusing on the family Poxviridae. Megavirales comprises giant viruses, double‐stranded DNA viruses whose genomes exceed some bacterial ones and large enough to parasitize large‐celled protists (amoeba). Giant viruses, virophages, and mitochondria have homologous DNA and RNA polymerases and share RNA splicing punctuation by stem–loop hairpins. Giant virus factories and amoeban mitochondria colocate, with viral proteins homologous to mitochondrial proteins specifically targeting mitochondrial inner membranes. Mitochondria share asexual budding with many bacterial endospores and membrane‐enveloped viruses. These megavirus−mitochondrion similarities are not coincidental: systematic alignment analyses have detected candidate megaviral homologs of each amoeban mitogene (including ribosomal RNAs) distributed across megaviral genomes. These candidate megaviral homologs overall follow mitogene order, and megaviral−mitogenome synteny increases with viral genome reduction. This analysis is repeated within Poxviridae, whose organellar‐like morphogenesis is reminiscent of mitochondria. More generally, the results confirm the patterns observed in Megavirales: synteny with amoeban mitogenomes increases with genome reduction. Parsimoniously interpreting this suggests Megavirales and mitochondria have a rickettsia‐like common ancestor. Megavirales could be the missing links between bacterial‐like cells and mitochondria, implying cellular‐to‐viral‐to‐subcellular macroevolution.

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“…6,63,64 At least with the discovery of mimiviruses (and other giant viruses), it might be plausible that giant viruses have cellular origins. [65][66][67][68][69][70] We must constantly remember that viruses and subviral infectious genetic parasites are the most abundant biological agents on the planet. 71,72 They outnumber cellular life forms by 10 times, invade all cellular organisms, and serve as key agents in the generation of adaptive and innate immune systems, which are essential for the survival of cellular life forms since they are key for the capacity for self/nonself-differentiation.…”

Section: Viruses and Their Relativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

That is life: communicating RNA networks from viruses and cells in continuous interaction

Villarreal

Witzany²

2019

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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All the conserved detailed results of evolution stored in DNA must be read, transcribed, and translated via an RNA‐mediated process. This is required for the development and growth of each individual cell. Thus, all known living organisms fundamentally depend on these RNA‐mediated processes. In most cases, they are interconnected with other RNAs and their associated protein complexes and function in a strictly coordinated hierarchy of temporal and spatial steps (i.e., an RNA network). Clearly, all cellular life as we know it could not function without these key agents of DNA replication, namely rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA. Thus, any definition of life that lacks RNA functions and their networks misses an essential requirement for RNA agents that inherently regulate and coordinate (communicate to) cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. The precellular evolution of RNAs occurred at the core of the emergence of cellular life and the question remained of how both precellular and cellular levels are interconnected historically and functionally. RNA networks and RNA communication can interconnect these levels. With the reemergence of virology in evolution, it became clear that communicating viruses and subviral infectious genetic parasites are bridging these two levels by invading, integrating, coadapting, exapting, and recombining constituent parts in host genomes for cellular requirements in gene regulation and coordination aims. Therefore, a 21st century understanding of life is of an inherently social process based on communicating RNA networks, in which viruses and cells continuously interact.

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Tailed giant Tupanvirus possesses the most complete translational apparatus of the known virosphere

Cited by 241 publications

References 36 publications

Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry

Kinetics of Mimivirus Infection Stages Quantified Using Image Flow Cytometry

Giant viruses: spore‐like missing links between Rickettsia and mitochondria?

That is life: communicating RNA networks from viruses and cells in continuous interaction

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