Takayasu arteritis in India

Abstract

Takayasu arteritis is the commonest cause of renovascular hypertension in India. The clinical and radiological features, complications and course of 83 patients (51 females, 32 males) seen during the period from 1972-1990 are described in this study. The age of the patients ranged from 5 to 53 years with the mean +/- SD of 26.9 +/- 9.7. Hypertension (n = 50) and the related symptom of headache (n = 40), dyspnea (n = 24), and giddiness (n = 20) were common at presentation. Twelve patients were in congestive cardiac failure. The symptoms of activity with fever and arthralgia were present in only 16% contrary to reports from Japan and Mexico. Abnormal arterial pulses and bruit over abdominal (37%) or extra abdominal great arteries (25%) were useful clinical clues to suspect Takayasu arteritis. Rapid sequence intravenous urography was a sensitive screening procedure and predicted correctly the presence of renovascular disease in 80% of the patients. The diagnosis was confirmed on aortography in 72. In the rest, the clinical features and autopsy findings confirmed the same. The four patterns of the disease based on the anatomical extent of involvement were recognised. These were: type I (n = 8) with involvement of aortic arch and its branches, type II (n = 25) descending thoracic and abdominal aorta type III (n = 46) combination of I and II and type IV (n = 4) pulmonary artery in addition to any of the above.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Stroke

“…Takayasu's arteritis involves extracranial vessels such as aorta and its branches and commonly affects young women. 34 Among Indians, the genders were almost equally affected. Stroke occurred in 40% of children and adolescents (4 to 15 years of age) with Takayasu's arteritis.…”

Arterite de Takayasu na gestação: relato de caso e revisão de literatura

“…Hypertension, caused by reduction in elasticity and narrowing of the aorta and its branches, besides abnormalities in the function of the aortic and carotid baroreceptors function, is the most common 11 . Occlusive and stenotic lesions might require revascularization by percutaneous angioplasty, use of endoprosthesis, or surgical correction 13 .…”

Management of Aneurysms in Takayasu’s Arteritis

“…In a large published experience, more than half of all patients experienced upper extremity claudication, 50 % presented symptoms associated with cerebrovascular insuf fi ciency (vision loss, lightheadedness, stroke), and a third reported carotid artery pain [ 13 ] . Less frequently, other symptoms have been reported, such as instability, vertigo, orthostatism, syncope [ 4 ] , and hypertension (as a result of renal artery involvement, which was the most common presenting sign in an Indian trial) [ 47 ] .…”