Tannic Acid-Lung Fluid Assemblies Promote Interaction and Delivery of Drugs to Lung Cancer Cells

Abstract

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the leading causes of death in both men and women in the United States. Tannic acid (TA), a water-soluble polyphenol, exhibits a wide range of biological activities. TA has received much attention as a promising compound in the biomaterial and drug delivery fields. Lung fluid (LF) is a major barrier for distribution of drugs to the lungs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine TA interaction with LF for effective delivery of anti-cancer drug molecules via pulmonary delivery. The extent of adsorption of LF proteins by TA was revealed by fluorescence quenching in fluorescence spectroscopy. The presence of LF in TA-LF complexes was noticed by the presence of protein peaks at 1653 cm−1. Both protein dot and SDS-PAGE analysis confirmed LF protein complexation at all TA concentrations employed. A stable particle TA-LF complex formation was observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. The complexation pattern measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) indicated that it varies depending on the pH of the solutions. The degree of LF presence in TA-LF complexes signifies its interactive behavior in LC cell lines. Such superior interaction offered an enhanced anti-cancer activity of drugs encapsulated in TA-LF complex nanoformulations. Our results indicate that TA binds to LF and forms self-assemblies, which profoundly enhance interaction with LC cells. This study demonstrated that TA is a novel carrier for pharmaceutical drugs such as gemcitabine, carboplatin, and irinotecan.

Pectin-Tannic Acid Nano-Complexes Promote the Delivery and Bioactivity of Drugs in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

“…Nanocomplexes of pectin (pectin A, pectin C, and modified pectin) with different concentrations of tannic acid were prepared by a self-assembly method [35]. In brief, 1 mL of modified pectin (500 µg/1 mL) was mixed with 250, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2500 µg (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5 mg) of tannic acid in 10 mL glass vials with a magnetic bead.…”

“…To prepare dye or drug loaded MPT-NCs, a simple solvent evaporation method was employed [36]. A detailed protocol was presented in our earlier publications [35,37,38]. In this method, the solutions of 150 µg 6-coumarin (in 150 µL acetone), or 150 µg drug (gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil or irinotecan, in 150 µL acetone), or introduced in 0.5 mg of modified pectin (500 µg/1 mL) were mixed with 0.5 mg tannic acid.…”

“…These solutions were filtered using 0.45 µm filters to estimate drugs that were un-trapped. The un-trapped/un-encapsulated drugs were estimated using the HPLC method employing our published protocols [35,[38][39][40][41]. Encapsulation amounts were calculated from the total amount of dye/drug used for generating MPT-NCs and subtracting the dye/drug amount.…”

“…Coumarin-6 labeling offered rapid visualization and tracking of MPT-NCs in cells. Therefore, cellular uptake of the coumarin-6 labeled MPT-NC formulation was assessed in HPAF-II and PANC-1 cells using two distinct cellular binding methods, fluorescence microscopy (qualitative) and flow cytometry (quantitative) [35]. For these studies, cells were seeded in a 6 well plate at a density of 50,000 cells per well.…”

Tannic Acid: Specific Form of Tannins in Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy-Old and New Applications

“…Interesting application of TA in the treatment of lung cancer was described by Hatami et al [74], who examined the TA interaction with the lung fluid (LF)the major barrier for the distribution of drugs to the lungs. They demonstrated that TA binds to LF and forms self-assemblies, which profoundly enhance interaction with lung cancer cells.…”