“… 1 For almost a generation, Enhanced Permeation and Retention (EPR), 2,3 the passive diffusion of nanosize delivery vehicles ( e.g. vesicles, 4 liposomes, 5 exosomes, 6 nanoparticles, 7 polymer-based nanostructures 8–10 ) through gaps in the vasculature that have been built rapidly around tumor tissue, has been hailed as an important breakthrough in the fight against cancer. Unfortunately, emerging evidence clearly suggests that the EPR effect works well in rodent models (especially in nude mice), but not in humans, who feature distinctly different vasculature and, compared to rodents, significantly slower tumor growth.…”