Targeting C-type lectin receptors: a high-carbohydrate diet for dendritic cells to improve cancer vaccines

Abstract

Review of in vivo targeting of tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells using antibodies or ligands may improve the antitumor efficacy of vaccines.

Synthesis of C‐Glycosyl Amino Acid Building Blocks Suitable for the Solid‐Phase Synthesis of Multivalent Glycopeptide Mimics

“…N-bromosuccinimide (10 g, 55 mmol, 0.48 equiv.) was added and the reaction was stirred for 3 hours, after which the reaction was quenched with an aqueous solution of Na 2…”

“…In innate immunity, they promote the secretion of cytokines and in adaptive immunity, they contribute to endocytosis. [1,2] Examples of these receptors are DC-SIGN and the mannose receptor, both C-type lectins that are present on dendritic cells. Since the binding interactions between lectins and their carbohydrate-binding partners are often relatively weak, strong interactions depend on the multivalent binding.…”

“…Therefore, many multivalent carbohydrate structures such as polymers, glycoconjugates, and dendrimers have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for the development of new therapeutics and more efficient vaccine therapies. [2] For instance, mannosylated polymers and peptides have been used as therapeutics against HIV, SARS, and influenza virus as well as by a reduction of the C=C double bond in the resulting α,unsaturated esters, and liberation of the carboxylate to allow condensation with a lysine side chain. The thus obtained Cglycosides, five in total, were applied in the solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) of three glycopeptides, showing the potential of the described building blocks in the assembly of well-defined mimics of homo-and heteromultivalent glycopeptides and glycoclusters.…”

Comparison of intradermal injection and epicutaneous laser microporation for antitumor vaccine delivery in a human skin explant model

“…Alternatively, the ability to specifically target vaccine formulations to APC via CLRs, such as DC-SIGN and the mannose receptor, which recognize specific carbohydrate structures, is an option 26 . Targeting vaccines can be created by coupling of carbohydrates to antigen specific vaccine particles.…”

Release promoter-based systematically designed nanocomposite(s): a novel approach for site-specific delivery of tumor-associated antigen(s) (TAAs)

“…immune memory and specific antibodies against the pathogen-associated antigens [3,[6][7][8][9][10][11]. Previous studies have demonstrated that in vivo targeting of professional APCs can be successfully achieved by using cell-specific receptors including C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) [12][13][14][15][16][17], mannose receptor (MR; CD206) [18][19][20]. In particular, CLRs are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that bind the carbohydrates moieties (e.g.…”