Targeting CD20 in multiple sclerosis — review of current treatment strategies

Chmielewska, Natalia; Szyndler, Janusz

doi:10.5603/pjnns.a2023.0022

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rituximab is mentioned as an option when conventional MG medicine fails, or there is a patient intolerance towards them, according to the 2021 international consensus guidelines on MG [55]. Rituximab is also being used in other autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [56], multiple sclerosis (MS) [57], and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) [58], showing the significance of targeting MS4A1 and B cells. Among the other four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against MS4A1 mentioned in IMGT/mAb-DB (found in Table 4), there exists only a single instance where a patient suffering from refractory AChR-MG exhibited a positive response to ofatumumab.…”

Section: Monoclonal Antibodies For B Cell Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis

Golfinopoulou,

Giudicelli,

Manso

et al. 2023

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease presenting with auto-antibodies that affect the neuromuscular junction. In addition to symptomatic treatment options, novel therapeutics include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics information system®, extends the characterization of therapeutic antibodies with a systematic description of their mechanisms of action (MOA) and makes them available through its database for mAbs and fusion proteins, IMGT/mAb-DB. Methods: Using available literature data combined with amino acid sequence analyses from mAbs managed in IMGT/2Dstructure-DB, the IMGT® protein database, biocuration allowed us to define in a standardized way descriptions of MOAs of mAbs that target molecules towards MG treatment. Results: New therapeutic targets include FcRn and molecules such as CD38, CD40, CD19, MS4A1, and interleukin-6 receptor. A standardized graphical representation of the MOAs of selected mAbs was created and integrated within IMGT/mAb-DB. The main mechanisms involved in these mAbs are either blocking or neutralizing. Therapies directed to B cell depletion and plasma cells have a blocking MOA with an immunosuppressant effect along with Fc-effector function (MS4A1, CD38) or FcγRIIb engager effect (CD19). Monoclonal antibodies targeting the complement also have a blocking MOA with a complement inhibitor effect, and treatments targeting T cells have a blocking MOA with an immunosuppressant effect (CD40) and Fc-effector function (IL6R). On the other hand, FcRn antagonists present a neutralizing MOA with an FcRn inhibitor effect. Conclusion: The MOA of each new mAb needs to be considered in association with the immunopathogenesis of each of the subtypes of MG in order to integrate the new mAbs as a viable and safe option in the therapy decision process. In IMGT/mAb-DB, mAbs for MG are characterized by their sequence, domains, and chains, and their MOA is described.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monoclonal Antibodies For B Cell Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis

Golfinopoulou,

Giudicelli,

Manso

et al. 2023

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Multiple sclerosis: a narrative overview of current pharmacotherapies and emerging treatment prospects

Olejnik,

Roszkowska,

Adamus

et al. 2024

Pharmacol. Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by pathological processes of demyelination, subsequent axonal loss, and neurodegeneration within the central nervous system. Despite the availability of numerous disease-modifying therapies that effectively manage this condition, there is an emerging need to identify novel therapeutic targets, particularly for progressive forms of MS. Based on contemporary insights into disease pathophysiology, ongoing efforts are directed toward developing innovative treatment modalities. Primarily, monoclonal antibodies have been extensively investigated for their efficacy in influencing specific pathological pathways not yet targeted. Emerging approaches emphasizing cellular mechanisms, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy targeting immunological cells, are attracting increasing interest. The evolving understanding of microglia and the involvement of ferroptotic mechanisms in MS pathogenesis presents further avenues for targeted therapies. Moreover, innovative treatment strategies extend beyond conventional approaches to encompass interventions that target alterations in microbiota composition and dietary modifications. These adjunctive therapies hold promise as complementary methods for the holistic management of MS. This narrative review aims to summarize current therapies and outline potential treatment methods for individuals with MS.

show abstract

The role of miRNAs in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic resistance

Doghish,

Elazazy,

Mohamed

et al. 2023

Pathology - Research and Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Targeting CD20 in multiple sclerosis — review of current treatment strategies

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis

Delving into Molecular Pathways: Analyzing the Mechanisms of Action of Monoclonal Antibodies Integrated in IMGT/mAb-DB for Myasthenia Gravis

Multiple sclerosis: a narrative overview of current pharmacotherapies and emerging treatment prospects

The role of miRNAs in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic resistance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About