Targeting intracellular, multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus with guanidinium polymers by elucidating the structure-activity relationship

Tuning of endosomal escape and gene expression by functional groups, molecular weight and transfection medium: a structure–activity relationship study

“…71 The observed toxicity was also described with comparable guanidinium functional polymers of different backbone chemistry and spacer length. 38,56,72 In the case of PGPAm polymers with low molecular weight, comparisons are only possible with oligo-arginines. Oligoarginines ranging from 5 to 11 residues in length showed transfection of about 50% of that of BPEI (25 kDa) in A549 cells in serum free medium.…”

A versatile and straightforward process to turn plastics into antibacterial materials

“…Another advantage of these synthetic copolymers compared to peptides is that a large library of monomers can be used, as well as diverse architectures (generally random or block copolymers), lengths (M n between 1,000 to 80,000 g.mol -1 ) and compositions (various hydrophilic/hydrophobic balances). [26][27][28][29] This chemical variety allows identifying optimum antimicrobial systems that feature the best compromise between high antimicrobial activity and low toxicity. 25 Several families of polymers have been reported in the literature, including polyacrylate and polymethacrylate derivatives, poly(oxa)norbornene, polymaleimides, polyionenes and polycarbonates.…”

Antimicrobial Polymer−Based Assemblies: A Review

“…Synergistic antimicrobial activity against ESKAPE pathogens was reported for combinations of quaternary ammonium and guanidinium homopolymers [148]. Guanidinium polymers were successfully used to target intracellular, multidrug−resistant Staphylococcus aureus [149]. Non−leaching polyacrylate and guanidine−based copolymer NPs with 80-130 nm mean diameter were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with From left to right, some cationic polymers with different cationic moieties such as sulfonium [139,140], phosphonium [142], and guanidinium [141,144].…”