Targeting the Gut Microbiome for Atopic Dermatitis: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches

Abstract

Millions worldwide, particularly children, suffer from the prevalent inflammatory skin condition known as Atopic Dermatitis (AD), with its prevalence on a constant rise.It’s impact extends beyond affecting merely the skin, contributing towards more complex health problems. The exact cause of this condition is multifactorial: genetic, environmental and immunologic factors all play significant roles; however, attention has recently focused on the role gut microbiota may have in relation to 'gut-skin' axis disturbances. Gut microbiota imbalances may be influenced by diet, antibiotic use as well as changes in environmental conditions that may contribute to Atopic Dermatits pathogenesis. New research concentrates on therapies including probiotics, prebiotics and faecal microbiota transplantation. Multi-strain probiotic formulas in particular, are promising; such products have shown to potentially help manage Atopic Dermatitis symptoms by altering the immune response and adjusting the composition of gut microbes. The available evidence also suggests that exclusion diets can be tailored to serve as a form of dietary management. Fecal microbiota transplantation represents an innovative approach that requires additional scrutiny regarding its efficacy and safety in treating Atopic Dermatitis. The complex relationship between skin barrier function, immune responses and gut microbial composition offers possibilities for developing novel therapies targeting the microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis management.