Targeting zero hunger to ensure sustainable development: Insights from a panel structure

Abstract

The article aims to estimate the impact of food prices, food production, per capita income and financial inclusion indicators on reducing the prevalence of undernourishment in 61 developing and least developed countries across 2004-2019. Applying panel co-integration and error correction model it concludes that an increase in food production, income and financial inclusion indicators reduces the pervasiveness of undernourishment, whereas rising food prices exacerbates undernourishment significantly in the long run. The error correction term appears to be negative and significant.Apart from other exogenous variables considered in the model governments' effectiveness and political stability with absence of violence reduces whereas, corruption increases undernourishment significantly in the short run. This study is important for the policymakers in the developing and least developed countries to formulate effective strategies addressing undernourishment, thus achieving the target of zero hunger.

Does financial inclusion stimulate India's economy: A panel data analysis

“…Before examining the empirical connections, it is required to evaluate the time‐series characteristics of the study's key variables, especially evaluating whether the series are stationary or not (Maddala & Wu, 1999). Specially, we are concerned about their order of integration, that is, times the variables have been differenced to reach stationarity (Ghosh & Sahu, 2023). If a variable (say Z t ) shows nonstationary behavior and is differenced d times to reach stationarity, the concerned series is referred as integrated of order d , Z t ~ I ( d ).…”

“…to reach stationarity (Ghosh & Sahu, 2023). If a variable (say Z t ) shows nonstationary behavior and is differenced d times to reach stationarity, the concerned series is referred as integrated of order d, Z t $ I (d).…”

Progress toward SDG‐2: Assessing food security in 93 countries with a multidimensional indicator system

“…Food availability means obtaining sufficient and nutritious food through domestic production or imports (FAOSTAT, 2023).…”

“…Food access means individuals' rights to access adequate resources for acquiring appropriate foods for a nutritious diet (FAOSTAT, 2023).…”

“…Food utilization means utilization of food through adequate diet, clean water, sanitation, and health care to reach a state of nutritional well-being where all physiological needs are met (FAOSTAT, 2023). ing and that of the larger median is gradually decreasing both toward 0.6, which means the global food utilization tended to be convergent rather than unbalanced.…”