“…To provide for policy ramifications, five government revenue indicators are used, notably, total government revenue collection excluding social contributions and grants as a share of GDP, total tax revenue collection as a share of GDP, total direct tax revenue collection as a share of GDP, total indirect tax revenue collection as a share of GDP and total non-tax revenue collection as a share of GDP. These adopted proxies are consistent with the recent taxation literature Martorano, 2018;Mcnabb & Lemay-boucher, 2014;Morrissey et al, 2014;Prichard, Salardi, et al, 2014).…”