Taxonomic identification in the tribe Cynoglosseae (Boraginaceae) using palynological characteristics

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Foliar and stem epidermal anatomical features of the tribe Cynoglosseae have been studied in detail for the taxonomic identification using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) techniques. A comparative study was conducted on different plant parts (leaf and stem epidermal anatomy) of 25 species belonging to eight genera of the tribe Cynoglosseae (Boraginaceae) collected from different phytogeographical regions of Iran for the first time. Different qualitative and quantitative characteristics were observed in detail using LM and SEM. Results showed that although generally the stem and leaf anatomical traits were similar, but some diagnostic features were examined for distinguishing the closely related genera in the tribe. The ratio of cortex/diameter of stem and phloem/xylem, the average row number of collenchyma, palisade and spongy cells, structure of trichomes, type of indumentum and palisade arrangement were found taxonomically important. The anatomical characters were statistically analyzed using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The study found that stem and leaf eccentrics are variable in the genus but constant within species of the same genus. Most species had typical isobilateral leaves, but some showed an incipient dorsoventrally symmetry with a layer of abaxial palisade tissue. Eglandular trichomes were observed found in all the studied species, which were recognized based on structure and function. In present study some novel characters have been observed which are of great interest to the taxonomist for the correct identification some genera delimitations. The characters studied here are of less taxonomic value and delimitating at species level.

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

“…However, these differences were of little diagnostic importance at species level. Our anatomical characteristics of the present study were incongruent with the result of Akcin (2008) and Attar et al (2018). Morphological characters are considered as a useful tool for species identification, as indicated previously (Akcin, 2008).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Foliar and stem epidermal anatomy of the tribe Cynoglosseae (Boraginaceae) and their taxonomic significance

Attar

Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi

Mirtadzadini

et al. 2019

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“…Micromorphological characteristics play important role in the identification and distinguishing species in certain plants group like in Monocots (Bahadur, Ahmad, Mir, et al, ; Bahadur, Ahmad, Zafar, et al, ; Kandemir, Çelik, Ullah, Shah, & Zaman, ), Angiosperms (Ahmad et al, ; Ashfaq et al, ; Attar, Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi, Mirtadzadini, & Ullah, ; Attar, Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi, Mirtadzadini, Ullah, & Zaman, ; Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi & Zaman, ; Gul et al, ; Sufyan et al, ; Ullah et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Ahmad, Dilbar, et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Ahmad, Shah, et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Amhad, Sultana, et al, ; Ullah et al, , ), Ferns and lycophytes (Shah, Ahmad, Zafar, Malik, et al, ; Shah, Ahmad, Zafar, Razzaq, et al, ; Shah, Celik, et al, ; Zaman et al, ) and Nanoparticles (Saqib et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic study of subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) by polynomorphological approach

Gul

Ahmad

Zafar

et al. 2019

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The present study is insight into pollen morphology for characterizing species and their utility in the taxonomic separation of certain taxa of subfamily Nepetoideae (Lamiaceae) from Pakistan.The pollen micromorphology of 11 species of the Nepetoideae was analyzed and documented using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for both qualitative and quantitative characteristics. Most species have hexazonocolpate pollen grains but trizonocolpate and tetrazonocolpate pollen with circular and oval amb were also rarely observed in Mentha spicata.The basic pollen shape in most of the studied species was subspheroidal but prolate grains were also observed in M. spicata, S. coccinea, and S. plebeia. The exine sculpturing of Nepetoideae pollen was taxonomically very informative particularly at subfamily level. Observations of exine sculpturing with SEM revealed various types of pollen grains: reticulate, bireticulate, microreticulate, perforate, aerolate, and gammate. The bireticulate type further subdivided into three subtypes based on the number of secondary lumina in each primary lumen and is characterized by varying characteristics of the secondary reticulum and primary muri. A significant variation was observed in colpus surface ornamentation. The maximum polar diameter was found in O. americanum (58 ± 5.8 μm) and the maximum equatorial diameter observed in O. basilicum (50.25 ± 1.37 μm). Pollen features of the studied species were discussed and compared based on the current taxonomical concepts. The results showed that pollen traits of the subfamily Nepetoideae was found significant to classify the taxa. Furthermore, pollen features provide additional evidence to distinguish macromorphologically similar taxa from each other. K E Y W O R D S micromorphology, Nepetoideae, pollen, SEM, taxonomic significance

“…Anatomical features are significant for the identification of problematic taxa at species level in some cases (Shah, Ahmad, Zafar, Malik, et al, ; Shah, Ahmad, Zafar, Razzaq, et al, ; Shah, Celik, et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Ahmad, Shah, et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Amhad, Sultana, et al, ). Taxonomic identification of species are incomplete without micromorphological characteristics of epidermal and pollen morphological (Ahmad et al, ; Attar, Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi, Mirtadzadini, & Ullah, ; Butt et al, ; Esfandani‐Bozchaloyi & Zaman, ; Ullah et al, a; Ullah et al, ; Ullah, Zafar, Ahmad, Shah, et al, ). Foliar epidermal characteristics carry important information for the delimitations and species identification in different plant groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic approach to the correct identification of Asplenium dalhousiae (Aspleniaceae) with their medicinal uses

Zaman

Shah

Ullah

et al. 2018

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In present study, multiple microscope techniques were used for the systematics identification of the species Asplenium dalhousiae. The plant was collected from different phytogeographical and its natural habitat of Pakistan, where it shows higher diversity. Morphology, foliar epidermal anatomy, and spore morphological characters of the species were studied in detailed using multiple microscopic techniques through light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). LM and SEM were used for the systematics identification of the species. Traditionally, the species is used in the ailment of many diseases, so the spore morphology, anatomical features, and morphological characters are relevant to describe the species taxonomy. The importance of multiple methods of taxonomic study (e.g., documentation and morphological characteristics) for characterizing herbs are important step in systematic certification to maintain the efficacy of herbal medicines. The aim of the present study is to examine the morphological, anatomical, and spore morphology of the species A. dalhousiae in more detailed for the correct taxonomic identification and their medicinal validation from Pakistan.