Abstract:Dynamic changes in spindle structure and function are essential for maintaining genomic integrity during the cell cycle. Spindle dynamics are highly dependent on several microtubule-associated proteins that coordinate the dynamic behavior of microtubules, including microtubule assembly, stability and organization. Here, we show that translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a novel microtubule-associated protein that regulates spindle dynamics during meiotic maturation. TCTP was expressed and widely d… Show more
“…Specifically, the developmental expression of TCTP in the rat and human testes were studied by the group of Sanchez and Hochstrasser in Geneva (Guillaume et al 2001), and the importance of TCTP as a Ca 2+ -binding protein in the prostate (Arcuri et al 2004) and the placenta (Arcuri et al 2005) were demonstrated by Arcuri et al A more recent study showed that TCTP is essential for the implantation of embryos in the uterus of mice ). An important role for TCTP in egg production in nematodes, such as C. elegans, was demonstrated by TCTP knock-down, which severely reduced the number of eggs produced by these worms (Meyvis et al 2009), consistent with the role of TCTP for meiotic maturation demonstrated in mouse oocytes (Jeon et al 2016). 2.…”
Section: Roles For Tctp In Early Developmentsupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Localisation of TCTP to the mitotic spindle, particularly the spindle poles, was also reported by other laboratories (Jaglarz et al 2012;Burgess et al 2008;Bazile et al 2009). A very recent paper even demonstrated the importance of TCTP for the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes (Jeon et al 2016). These authors found that TCTP is predominantly bound to the spindle poles and contributes to the stability of pole microtubules, but not of kinetochore microtubules.…”
Section: Tctp a Microtubule Stabilising Protein At The Mitotic And Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These authors found that TCTP is predominantly bound to the spindle poles and contributes to the stability of pole microtubules, but not of kinetochore microtubules. TCTP is phosphorylated during meiosis [as also in seen in bovine oocytes (Tani et al 2007)], and overexpression of a non-phosphorylatable mutant of TCTP led to disturbances of meiotic maturation (Jeon et al 2016).…”
Section: Tctp a Microtubule Stabilising Protein At The Mitotic And Tmentioning
The Translational Controlled Tumour Protein TCTP (gene symbol TPT1, also called P21, P23, Q23, fortilin or histamine-releasing factor, HRF) is a highly conserved protein present in essentially all eukaryotic organisms and involved in many fundamental cell biological and disease processes. It was first discovered about 35 years ago, and it took an extended period of time for its multiple functions to be revealed, and even today we do not yet fully understand all the details. Having witnessed most of this history, in this chapter, I give a brief overview and review the current knowledge on the structure, biological functions, disease involvements and cellular regulation of this protein. TCTP is able to interact with a large number of other proteins and is therefore involved in many core cell biological processes, predominantly in the response to cellular stresses, such as oxidative stress, heat shock, genotoxic stress, imbalance of ion metabolism as well as other conditions. Mechanistically, TCTP acts as an anti-apoptotic protein, and it is involved in DNA-damage repair and in cellular autophagy. Thus, broadly speaking, TCTP can be considered a cytoprotective protein. In addition, TCTP facilitates cell division through stabilising the mitotic spindle and cell growth through modulating growth signalling pathways and through its interaction with the proteosynthetic machinery of the cell. Due to its activities, both as an anti-apoptotic protein and in promoting cell growth and division, TCTP is also essential in the early development of both animals and plants. Apart from its involvement in various biological processes at the cellular level, TCTP can also act as an extracellular protein and as such has been involved in modulating whole-body defence processes, namely in the mammalian immune system. Extracellular TCTP, typically in its dimerised form, is able to induce the release of cytokines and other signalling molecules from various types of immune cells. There are also several examples, where TCTP was shown to be involved in antiviral/antibacterial defence in lower animals. In plants, the protein appears to have a protective effect against phytotoxic stresses, such as flooding, draught, too high or low temperature, salt stress or exposure to heavy metals. The finding for the latter stress condition is corroborated by earlier reports that TCTP levels are considerably up-regulated upon exposure of earthworms to high levels of heavy metals. Given the involvement of TCTP in many biological processes aimed at maintaining cellular or whole-body homeostasis, it is not surprising that dysregulation of TCTP levels may promote a range of disease processes, foremost cancer. Indeed a large body of evidence now supports a role of TCTP in at least the most predominant types of human cancers. Typically, this can be ascribed to both the anti-apoptotic activity of the protein and to its function in promoting cell growth and division. However, TCTP also appears to be involved in the later stages of cancer progression, such ...
“…Specifically, the developmental expression of TCTP in the rat and human testes were studied by the group of Sanchez and Hochstrasser in Geneva (Guillaume et al 2001), and the importance of TCTP as a Ca 2+ -binding protein in the prostate (Arcuri et al 2004) and the placenta (Arcuri et al 2005) were demonstrated by Arcuri et al A more recent study showed that TCTP is essential for the implantation of embryos in the uterus of mice ). An important role for TCTP in egg production in nematodes, such as C. elegans, was demonstrated by TCTP knock-down, which severely reduced the number of eggs produced by these worms (Meyvis et al 2009), consistent with the role of TCTP for meiotic maturation demonstrated in mouse oocytes (Jeon et al 2016). 2.…”
Section: Roles For Tctp In Early Developmentsupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Localisation of TCTP to the mitotic spindle, particularly the spindle poles, was also reported by other laboratories (Jaglarz et al 2012;Burgess et al 2008;Bazile et al 2009). A very recent paper even demonstrated the importance of TCTP for the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes (Jeon et al 2016). These authors found that TCTP is predominantly bound to the spindle poles and contributes to the stability of pole microtubules, but not of kinetochore microtubules.…”
Section: Tctp a Microtubule Stabilising Protein At The Mitotic And Tmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These authors found that TCTP is predominantly bound to the spindle poles and contributes to the stability of pole microtubules, but not of kinetochore microtubules. TCTP is phosphorylated during meiosis [as also in seen in bovine oocytes (Tani et al 2007)], and overexpression of a non-phosphorylatable mutant of TCTP led to disturbances of meiotic maturation (Jeon et al 2016).…”
Section: Tctp a Microtubule Stabilising Protein At The Mitotic And Tmentioning
The Translational Controlled Tumour Protein TCTP (gene symbol TPT1, also called P21, P23, Q23, fortilin or histamine-releasing factor, HRF) is a highly conserved protein present in essentially all eukaryotic organisms and involved in many fundamental cell biological and disease processes. It was first discovered about 35 years ago, and it took an extended period of time for its multiple functions to be revealed, and even today we do not yet fully understand all the details. Having witnessed most of this history, in this chapter, I give a brief overview and review the current knowledge on the structure, biological functions, disease involvements and cellular regulation of this protein. TCTP is able to interact with a large number of other proteins and is therefore involved in many core cell biological processes, predominantly in the response to cellular stresses, such as oxidative stress, heat shock, genotoxic stress, imbalance of ion metabolism as well as other conditions. Mechanistically, TCTP acts as an anti-apoptotic protein, and it is involved in DNA-damage repair and in cellular autophagy. Thus, broadly speaking, TCTP can be considered a cytoprotective protein. In addition, TCTP facilitates cell division through stabilising the mitotic spindle and cell growth through modulating growth signalling pathways and through its interaction with the proteosynthetic machinery of the cell. Due to its activities, both as an anti-apoptotic protein and in promoting cell growth and division, TCTP is also essential in the early development of both animals and plants. Apart from its involvement in various biological processes at the cellular level, TCTP can also act as an extracellular protein and as such has been involved in modulating whole-body defence processes, namely in the mammalian immune system. Extracellular TCTP, typically in its dimerised form, is able to induce the release of cytokines and other signalling molecules from various types of immune cells. There are also several examples, where TCTP was shown to be involved in antiviral/antibacterial defence in lower animals. In plants, the protein appears to have a protective effect against phytotoxic stresses, such as flooding, draught, too high or low temperature, salt stress or exposure to heavy metals. The finding for the latter stress condition is corroborated by earlier reports that TCTP levels are considerably up-regulated upon exposure of earthworms to high levels of heavy metals. Given the involvement of TCTP in many biological processes aimed at maintaining cellular or whole-body homeostasis, it is not surprising that dysregulation of TCTP levels may promote a range of disease processes, foremost cancer. Indeed a large body of evidence now supports a role of TCTP in at least the most predominant types of human cancers. Typically, this can be ascribed to both the anti-apoptotic activity of the protein and to its function in promoting cell growth and division. However, TCTP also appears to be involved in the later stages of cancer progression, such ...
“…3−5 TCTP has been shown to play indispensable roles in many biological processes, including development, 6,7 cell proliferation, 8,9 cell death, 10−12 immune responses, 13,14 the cytoskeleton, 15−17 protein synthesis, 18,19 the cell cycle, 20,21 malignant transformation, 22 and induction of pluripotent stem cells or apoptosis. 4,23−26 There is growing evidence in the literature to suggest that TCTP is a vital survival factor and a regulator of cell fate determination.…”
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a highly conserved housekeeping protein present in eukaryotic organisms. It is involved in regulating many fundamental processes and plays a critical role in tumor reversion and tumorigenesis. Increasing evidence suggests that TCTP plays a role in the regulation of cell fate determination and is a promising therapeutic target for cancer. To decipher the exact mechanisms by which TCTP functions and how all these functions are integrated, we analyzed the interactome of TCTP in HeLa cells by coimmunoprecipitation (IP) and mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 98 proteins were identified. We confirmed the in vitro and in vivo association of TCTP with six of the identified binding proteins using reciprocal IP and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis, respectively. Moreover, TCTP interacted with Y-box-binding protein 1 (YBX1), and their interaction was localized to the N-terminal region of TCTP and the 1−129 amino acid (aa) residues of YBX1. The YBX1 protein plays an important role in cell proliferation, RNA splicing, DNA repair, drug resistance, and stress response to extracellular signals. These data suggest that the interaction of TCTP with YBX1 might cooperate or coordinate their functions in the control of diverse regulatory pathways in cancer cells. Taken together, our results not only reveal a large number of TCTP-associated proteins that possess pleiotropic functions, but also provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of TCTP in tumorigenesis.
“…The proteins were primarily involved in metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental information processing, cellular processes, organismal systems and human diseases. The upregulated 14-3-3γ protein (gi|6016838) was related to some pathways, including the viral carcinogenesis 20 , cell cycle 21 , Epstein-Barr virus infection 22 , the Hippo signaling pathway 23 , oocyte meiosis 24 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway 25 , but the downregulated PLK1 protein (gi|21359873) was associated with the cell cycle 26 , the FoxO signaling pathway 27 , progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation 28 and oocyte meiosis 29 .Figure 5Significantly enriched KEGG pathways of differentially expressed proteins, * p < 0.05.
…”
Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai is one of active medicinal plants, and its active components, especially polysaccharides, have been shown to exhibit bioactivity. In this study, we examined the effects of three polysaccharide fractions from Viscum coloratum (Kom.) Nakai on HepG2 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner by using a CCK-8 assay kit. Flow cytometry analysis showed that VCP2 treatment delayed the cell cycle in the G1 phase and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells, a result possibly due to the increased expression of p21Wafl/Cip1 and Cyclin D and the decreased expression of Cyclin E and CDK4. The increased expression of Bad, Smac and Caspase-3 and the decreased expression of Bcl-XL and XIAP may be some of the reasons for the induction of apoptosis in VCP2-treated HepG2 cells. Through iTRAQ and 2D-LC-MSMS, 113 and 198 differentially expressed proteins were identified in normal and VCP2-treated HepG2 and Caco2 cells. The mRNA and protein levels of Histone H3.1, Cytoskeletal 9 and Vitronectin agreed with iTRAQ proteomic results. GO, pathways and the PPI of differentially expressed proteins were further analyzed. These findings broaden the understanding of the anti-tumor mechanisms of mistletoe polysaccharides and provide new clues for screening proteins that are responsive to polysaccharides.
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